Nobel Conference 2025 - Frank Hu скачать в хорошем качестве

Nobel Conference 2025 - Frank Hu

"How sweet is too sweet? Health effects of sugars and artificial sweeteners" Frank Hu Professor of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health We rely on sugar for flavor and energy, but too much affects our health negatively on multiple fronts. In this talk, we'll unpack how added sugars–especially those found in sodas, sweetened beverages, and processed foods–affect our bodies and hearts and explore just how much might be "too much." A growing body of evidence shows that high intake of added sugars is linked to serious health problems, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, fatty liver, and hypertension. These effects aren’t just about extra calories -- sugar, particularly in liquid form, can directly promote fat storage in the liver, raise blood pressure and blood fats, and worsen insulin resistance. More recently, research has revealed new pathways through which sugar may harm health. A large study of Latino adults found that people who consumed more sugary drinks had changes in their gut bacteria and blood metabolites that predicted a higher risk of type 2 diabetes over time. These findings suggest that added sugars can disrupt metabolism in ways that go beyond what we’ve traditionally measured. Artificial sweeteners are often used as substitutes, but they are not a free pass. Emerging studies suggest that some non-nutritive sweeteners may also disrupt the gut microbiome and negatively affect metabolic responses in certain individuals.