story of Leon Trotsky, from the commander of the Soviet Red Army скачать в хорошем качестве

story of Leon Trotsky, from the commander of the Soviet Red Army

Okay, here's the story of Leon Trotsky, from the commander of the Soviet Red Army to an exile in Mexico, From Revolutionary to Red Army Commander: Leon Trotsky, born Lev Davidovich Bronstein in Ukraine in 1879, came from a prosperous Jewish family. He became involved in socialist revolutionary movements in his youth, leading to two exiles in Siberia. After his second escape, he traveled to Western Europe, where he met other Russian exiles, including Vladimir Lenin. Despite their early disagreements, Trotsky played a crucial role in the October Revolution of 1917. As the chairman of the Petrograd Soviet and the Military Revolutionary Committee, he spearheaded the Bolshevik seizure of power in Petrograd (now St. Petersburg). After the revolution, he held significant leadership positions in the Soviet government, including Commissar for Foreign Affairs and Commissar for Military Affairs. During the Russian Civil War (1918-1922), Trotsky demonstrated exceptional organizational and military skills. He founded and led the Red Army, transforming it from a disorganized rebel force into an effective army that defeated the anti-Bolshevik forces. He was a powerful orator and charismatic leader, earning the respect and loyalty of his troops. The Struggle with Stalin and Exile: Following Lenin's death in 1924, a power struggle emerged between Trotsky and Joseph Stalin. Trotsky disagreed with Stalin on fundamental issues such as "permanent revolution" and the expansion of socialist revolution globally, while Stalin advocated for "socialism in one country." By the late 1920s, Stalin had consolidated his power and gradually marginalized Trotsky. In 1927, Trotsky was expelled from the Communist Party, and in 1929, he was exiled from the Soviet Union. Years in Exile: Trotsky spent the remaining years of his life in exile, moving between several countries including Turkey, France, and Norway. He never ceased criticizing Stalin and his oppressive regime, and continued to write books and articles explaining his ideas and denouncing "Stalinism." He founded the Fourth International in 1938, an international organization aimed at promoting revolutionary socialism. Assassination in Mexico: In 1937, Trotsky was granted asylum in Mexico, where he settled in a house in Coyoacán near Mexico City. Despite his distance from the Soviet Union, Stalin still considered him a threat. On August 20, 1940, Trotsky was attacked in his study by Ramón Mercader, a Spanish-born Soviet agent who had infiltrated his inner circle. Mercader used an ice axe to strike Trotsky in the head. Trotsky died from his injuries the following day. Legacy: Leon Trotsky remains a controversial figure in history. Some view him as a hero of the revolution, a brilliant military commander, and an important socialist theorist, while others see him as an arrogant and radical figure. Nevertheless, his pivotal role in the early stages of the Soviet Union and the influence of his ideas on socialist movements worldwide cannot be denied. His assassination represents a tragic chapter in the history of the Russian Revolution and the clash of ideologies in the 20th century.