From Perfect Love to Holiness Revivalism (19th Century Developments) скачать в хорошем качестве

From Perfect Love to Holiness Revivalism (19th Century Developments)

Reflection Questions Historical Contours of Transformation How did the lived experience of revival in nineteenth-century Britain and America reshape Wesley’s original emphasis on perfect love into a broader holiness revival movement? In what ways did cultural and social contexts (e.g., industrialisation, frontier expansion) influence this recasting? Continuity and Discontinuity To what extent does the holiness movement represent a faithful continuation of Wesley’s doctrine of Christian perfection? Where and why did theological emphases shift—particularly regarding assurance, sanctification as crisis experience, and experiential evidence of holiness? Ecclesial and Extra-Ecclesial Dynamics How did institutional structures (e.g., Methodist connexions, camp meeting circuits) and extra-ecclesial grass-roots impulses (e.g., leaders outside denominational hierarchies) contribute to the particular shape of holiness revival? Gender, Race, and Social Reform How did holiness emphases intersect with nineteenth-century movements for abolition, temperance, and women’s leadership? Did the recasting of perfection deepen or complicate Wesley’s own commitments to social holiness? Theology of Crisis and Experience Many holiness leaders emphasized a distinct second blessing or crisis experience of sanctification. What theological tensions emerge when sanctification is framed primarily as an event rather than a process of growth in love? Holiness and Practical Ethics In what ways did the revival movements’ insistence on holiness affect moral teaching and social engagement? Did the revival framing foster spiritual zeal, ethical action, or both—and in what proportions? Critiques and Counter-Currents What were the primary theological and pastoral critiques of the holiness movement’s recasting of perfection—from within Methodism and from other Protestant traditions? How do these critiques help us read Wesley more discerningly? Legacy and Development How did the nineteenth-century holiness movement lay groundwork (theologically and institutionally) for later developments such as Pentecostalism and global charismatic renewal? Historical Memory and Identity What have been the consequences—positive and negative—of interpreting Wesleyan perfection through the lens of revival experience for denominational identity in Methodism and holiness-related bodies? Ministerial Formation Today What does an informed engagement with holiness revival teach ministers today about the relationship between doctrine and spiritual experience, between unity of belief and diversity of practice? Short Bibliography Foundational Historical Studies Wacker, Grant. Heaven Below: Early Pentecostals and American Evangelicalism. Harvard University Press, 2001.— Key for understanding the holiness-to-Pentecostal trajectory in the U.S., grounding holiness revival in broader evangelical dynamics. Synan, Vinson. The Holiness–Pentecostal Tradition: Charismatic Movements in the Twentieth Century. Eerdmans, rev. ed., 1997.— A classic narrative locating nineteenth-century holiness within long-range charismatic and revival movements. Baker, Robert A., ed. The Holiness Revival of the Nineteenth Century. Scarecrow Press, 2005.— An edited collection surveying vital figures, contexts, and regional movements in British and American holiness. Wesleyan and Methodist Context Haines, David C., and William Kostlevy, eds. The American Holiness Revival of the Nineteenth Century. InterVarsity Press, 1996.— A foundational anthology articulating the theological and social dimensions of American holiness. Clarke, John T. Holiness: Its Nature, Hindrances, Difficulties, and Roots. Beacon Hill Press, 1995.— A Wesleyan corrective to some revival excesses; useful for theological reflection on purity of motive and method. Hatch, Nathan O. The Democratization of American Christianity. Yale University Press, 1989.— Situates holiness within broader democratizing religious cultures of the nineteenth century. Theology and Critique Garrett, James L. Jr. The Transforming Power of Grace. Abingdon, 1995.— Engages Wesleyan sanctification in conversation with later holiness interpretations.