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The Arrow of Time, From Entropy to Black Holes

The Arrow of Time, from entropy to black holes. Why does time only move forward, and why can’t the universe rewind? This calm, long-form physics story explains the arrow of time through entropy, irreversibility, thermodynamics, information, and the extreme limits set by black holes. From ink dispersing in water to the oldest light in the sky, we follow how real events create physical records that spread outward and do not gather back. A rewind button would require the universe to recover every scattered photon, every whisper of heat, and every microscopic correlation. Replaying a video only reorders stored frames, it does not reverse the physical world that produced them. We then trace the arrow back to a special beginning. Evidence from the cosmic microwave background (CMB) suggests an early universe with unusually low entropy in the ways that matter for time’s direction. As the universe expands and cools, records persist, structure forms under gravity, and total entropy still increases. At the edge of gravity, black holes sharpen irreversibility. An event horizon acts like a boundary that makes detailed information inaccessible, reinforcing why the reverse path is not available in practice. In this episode: Arrow of time, entropy, irreversibility, microstates and probability, the second law of thermodynamics, information and physical records, the early universe and the CMB, gravity and structure formation, black holes and event horizons. If you enjoy calm, documentary-style science storytelling, subscribe for more long-form journeys through physics and cosmology. Topics: arrow of time, entropy, irreversibility, thermodynamics, microstates, information theory, early universe, cosmic microwave background, cosmology, black holes #ArrowOfTime #Entropy #BlackHoles