10 CAUSES OF HUMAN WILDLIFE CONFLICT скачать в хорошем качестве

10 CAUSES OF HUMAN WILDLIFE CONFLICT

Human-wildlife conflict refers to any situation where wild animals pose a direct and recurring threat to the livelihood, safety, or property of people, leading to negative impacts on both humans and wildlife. This often occurs when humans and animals compete for the same limited resources such as land, water, or food, especially in areas where human settlements border or encroach upon wildlife habitats. 📌 10 Causes of Human-Wildlife Conflict 1. Expansion of Human Settlements: As populations grow, people increasingly settle in areas that were once wildlife habitats, leading to frequent encounters between humans and animals as both compete for space and resources. 2. Agricultural Expansion: The clearing of forests and grasslands to create farms for crops and livestock brings humans into closer contact with wildlife, which may raid crops or attack livestock, resulting in conflict. 3. Deforestation: The removal of trees for firewood, construction, or commercial timber destroys animal habitats and forces wildlife to move into human settlements in search of food and shelter. 4. Water Scarcity: In times of drought or in arid regions, both humans and animals compete for limited water resources, often leading to dangerous encounters at shared water points like rivers and dams. 5. Poaching and Illegal Hunting: Human activities such as illegal poaching disturb animal populations and force surviving animals to venture closer to human areas as they flee from danger or search for food. 6. Road and Infrastructure Development: The construction of roads, railways, and other infrastructure through natural habitats disrupts animal movement patterns, increasing the likelihood of accidents and encounters with people. 7. Encroachment into Protected Areas: Some communities illegally settle or farm within game reserves or national parks, directly leading to confrontations with wildlife as animals defend their territories. 8. Tourism Activities: Poorly managed tourism can disrupt wildlife behavior and lead to animals becoming aggressive or overly familiar with human presence, sometimes resulting in attacks or property damage. 9. Climate Change: Changes in rainfall patterns and temperatures affect the availability of food and water sources for wildlife, often forcing animals to move into human-dominated areas to meet their needs. 10. Livestock Grazing in Wildlife Areas: When pastoral communities drive their cattle, goats, and sheep into protected areas or wildlife corridors for grazing, it leads to competition for grazing land and water, and sometimes results in predation by carnivores like lions and hyenas.