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Why We Fight: War Comes to America

Creator(s): Department of Defense. Department of the Army. Office of the Chief Signal Officer. 9/18/1947-2/28/1964 (Most Recent) Series: Orientation Films, 1942 - 1949 Record Group 111: Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer, 1860 - 1985 Production Date: 1942 Other Title(s):Orientation Film, no. 7 Production Series: Title: Why We Fight General Note(s):"Orientation Films" is the series description within Record Group 111. Scope & Content: This motion picture film examines world events that pulled the U.S. into World War II. Reel 1 dramatizes the early settling of the U.S., the signing of the Declaration of Independence, and a winter at Valley Forge. It explains the colonists' thirst for independence. Reel 2 dramatizes later European migrations to the U.S. stressing the strength brought to the U.S. by her immigrants. It shows luxury items (cars, radios, etc.) which contribute to U.S. life. It also depicts educational facilities, recreational activities (including many sport scenes), and prohibition era scenes. In Reel 3, U.S. troops man trenches in France in 1917. Crowds in New York City celebrate the armistice. Secretary of State Henry Stimson denounces Japan's march into Manchuria. Shows the Bonus March on Washington, D.C., and breadlines in the 1930s. Adolf Hitler watches a military display in Berlin. Haile Selassie visits the front in Ethiopia in 1935. Senator Hiram Johnson speaks for the Neutrality Act of 1935. German planes bomb cities, and street fights flare during the Spanish Civil War. Shanghai is bombed in 1937. Gallup polls find U.S. citizens isolationists. In Reel 4, Emperor Hirohito inspects Japanese troops. Representative Andrew J. May urges arming before the House Military Affairs Committee. Secretary of the Navy Charles Edison asks the Naval Affairs Committee for funds. Maps illustrate Nazi conquests of 1939. Hitler ridicules President Roosevelt's peace proposal before the Reichstag. Warsaw is bombed. French artillery on the Maginot Line fires. President Franklin Roosevelt requests Congress to amend neutrality laws. Senators Gerald P. Nye and Elbert D. Thomas voice opposing views. The Gallup poll finds citizens united to amend the laws. In Reel 5, Dean Acheson sums up arms embargo legislation. Maps illustrate Nazi aggression in Western Europe. Refugees clog French roads and FDR denounces Italy's entry into the war. Hitler, Hermann Goring, and Admiral Karl Doenitz, receive the French surrender; Nazis parade through Paris. Secretary of State Cordell Hull asks for hemispheric solidarity at Havana in 1940. FDR asks Congress for military funds and National Guard units, and Edward R. Murrow reports during a London air raid. In Reel 6, Axis powers sign the Berlin Pact in 1940. Mussolini and Hitler report to their people; Charles Lindbergh pleads isolationism; Wendell Willkie asks for aid to England. The Gallup poll echoes this view; FDR speaks to Congress on lend-lease. Lend-lease material is unloaded at several ports. In Reel 7, Stimson and Wendell Willkie ask that merchant ships be armed. Saburo Kurusu meets Secretary of State Hull in Washington, D.C. Hull sums up Japan's conditions for peace. Pearl Harbor is attacked. Draftees are inducted. Contact(s): National Archives at College Park - Motion Pictures (RD-DC-M), National Archives at College Park, 8601 Adelphi Road College Park, MD 20740-6001 Phone: 301-837-3540, Fax: 301-837-3620, Email: [email protected] National Archives Identifier: 36073 Local Identifier: 111-OF-7 https://catalog.archives.gov/id/36073