What is the first stage of labour? - Dr. Rashmi Chaudhary скачать в хорошем качестве

What is the first stage of labour? - Dr. Rashmi Chaudhary

Human labour is a complex process. It is a series of events that takes place in the genitals in an effort to expel the viable product of conception into an outside world. It is divided into four stages of labour. The first stage of labour starts with the onset of true uterine contractions or a true labour pain and ends with the expansion of the cervix for about 10 centimetres. For purpose of understanding the first stage of labour is divided into two phases; latent phase and active phase. Average duration of first phase of labour last for about 12 hours in cases of primigravida. In cases of multi it lasts for about 6 hours. It can be slightly lesser also. The latent phase of labour mainly the cervical changes takes place. Cervix is a long tubular structure which is normally closed during pregnancy and it is directed towards your spine. So from posterior it comes to amid position and then it becomes anterior. The cervix becomes soft efface and it opens up. The cervical dilatation in the first phase of labour is upto 3.5 to 4 centimetres. Here the patient experiences pain, contractions which are a little infrequent coming at 30-45 minutes intervals. Sometimes it might last for 20 seconds and sometimes upto 30 to 40 seconds. Slowly the contractions intensity increases. These patients also at this stage complains of blood mixed vaginal discharge because of the opening of the cervix. They feel mild menstrual cramp like situations or there can be severe back ache. The pain might be radiating towards the legs. They will have the urge of frequent urination as the baby has traced to negotiate down in the pelvis that will cause pressure on the bladder and it will cause frequent urination. Some patient they will also complain of frequent bowel habits. They will fell like passing stool several times. There can be loose bowels also. In this stage you are heading forwards the labour you should first consult your gynaecologist. You should inform your relatives so that you can head towards the hospital in a fixed time. By the time you can take a hot shower bath which will help and it will give some relaxation to you. You should avoid taking very solid foods before going to hospital. You can have lots of soft diet, fruits. For the leg cramps and all you can keep the feet in hot water. That will give you a soothing and relaxing effect before you head to hospitals. You can keep your bags also ready. So that there should not be any emergency. Active phase of the labour starts with 3.5 to 4 centimetres cervical dilatation till the full dilatation takes place. Here the intensity of uterine contraction will be very severe. It will be lasting for a longer duration. Patient will have urge to push down. They will have a wearing down effort. In this case we will have to give some moral support. In this case patient will be encouraged to take more of liquids. We will not give any solid food to them. Otherwise it will cause vomiting. If the patient is able to bear the pain it is okay. Otherwise we help them the epidural analgesia which is also known as the walking epidural with which we put an injection in the spine of the patient and we inject some local anaesthetic drugs with which she will not have a pain sensation as well as the progress of the labour will continue in a normal way and it will not hinder with the normal delivery. With this she will have lots of relief and she can progress towards the delivery of the baby.