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331. del-3 (dol-), delə- English : ‘to split, divide’ German : ‘spalten, schnitzen, kunstvoll behauen’ Comments: Dalita meaning "broken/scattered") is a term coined for untouchables and outcasts. It is the lowest stratum of the castes in the Indian subcontinent. Dalits were excluded from the fourfold varna of the caste hierarchy and were seen as forming a fifth varna, also known by the name of Panchama. Dalita tribe is similar to Dule tribe found in Albania. Its name derives from Greek δοῦλος m. ‘male born slave’ masculine and δούλη f. ‘female slave’ by Andi Zeneli. Frisk Etymological English Grammatical information: m. Meaning: slave, servant, also as adj. with the comp. δουλότερος (Hdt.); δούλη f. slave-woman, maid (Il.); on the extension E. Kretschmer Glotta 18, 74f. Other forms: δῶλος Cret.; Dialectal forms: Myc. do-e-ro, do-e-ra /dohelos, dohela/ Compounds: many subst. and adj. compp. Derivatives: δουλίς f. (Hyp.; cf. Schwyzer 127 and 465) with δουλίδιον (H.), δουλάριον (Ar.). - δουλοσύνη servanthood (Ion., Od.; vgl. Porzig Satzinhalte 226) with δουλόσυνος (E. Hek. 448 [lyr.]); s. Frisk Eranos 43, 220. - δούλιος, -ειος slavish, of a servant (Hom.), δούλεος id. (A. R.), δουλικός id. (Att. etc.), δουλικά (σώματα) n. pl. slaves (Peripl. M. Rubr., Pap.). - Denomin. δουλεύω be slave, serve (Ion.-Att.) with δουλεία, ion. -ηΐη servanthood, δούλευμα id. (trag.; s. Chantr. Form. 186), δουλεύτρια female servant (Eust.); δουλόομαι, -όω be made servant (Ion.-Att.) with δούλωσις (Th.) and δουλωτικός (Plu.). Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin] Etymology: The forms point to *δόελος, prob. from *δοhελος. One adduces: δοῦλος ἡ οἰκία, η την ἐπὶ τὸ αὑτὸ συνέλευσιν τῶν γυναικῶν H. (unclear δωλοδομεῖς οἰκογενεῖς; wrong Schulze Q. 95 A. 3); the word has been changed in δοῦμος (Latte after Wackernagel; aigainst the word order), but there is no conclusion. The word is in any case a loan, acc. to Lambertz Glotta 6, 1ff. from Carian or Lydian (thus Benveniste Rev. d. ét. lat. 10, 438f.); Risch, Kratylos 29 (1984) 96f. remarks that then the word would have appeared much later (than Myc), but it could as well be Pre-Greek. Material: Sanskrit dā̆láyati ‘splits, makes burst’, dálati ‘bursts’ (meaning influenced by phálati ‘splits apart’, Güntert Reimw. 48), dalitá-ḥ ‘split, torn apart, bloomed’, dala-m n. ‘part, piece, half, leaf’, dalí-ḥ f. ‘clod of earth’; but Prakrit ḍālā, -ī ‘branch’, probably also daṇḍá-ḥ, -m ‘stick, club, punishment’ are according to Kuiper Proto-Munda 65, 75 not Indo-European; Armenian probably taɫ ‘impression, mark, sign, verse’, taɫem ‘impress, burn in’ (Scheftelowitz BB. 29, 27; *del-); gr. δαίδαλος, δαιδάλεος ‘cunningly or skilfully wrought or decorated, worked’, intens. δαι-δάλλω ‘work artfully, decorate’ (dissimilated from *δαλ-δαλ-, Schwyzer Gr. Gr. I 647); δέλτος (ablauting cypr. δάλτος) ‘writing tablet’ (‘split wood, smoothly hewn wooden board’, see Boisacq 174 with literature and especially Schulze KZ. 45, 235 for the meaning; for the form cf. below New High German Zelt); perhaps here δόλων ‘sail pole, small sail’ (from this lat. dolō m. ‘foresail’); quite questionable, however, δαν-δαλ-ίς, δενδαλίς ‘cake of roasted barley flour’, δεν-δαλ-ίδες • ἱεραὶ κριθαί as ‘crushed’ (= ‘*split’ Prellwitz2 104 in between); lengthened grade δηλέομαι ‘destroy, damage’ (not related to lat. dēleō); reduced grade ion. πανδάλητος ‘destroyed’, φρενο-δαλής ‘deranged’ Aesch.; el. κα-δαλήμενοι with el. ᾱ from η (see Boisacq 182; contra Wackernagel Gl. 14, 51); with the meaning change ‘(to tear the heart), mistreat, cause pain’ gr. δάλλει • κακουργεῖ Hes. (*deli̯ō), δαλῇ • κακουργῇ (δαλήσασθαι • λυμήνασθαι. ἀδικῆσαι, δάλαν • λύμην); cf. also lett. dēlīt ‘torment, torture’ and lat. doleō ‘feel pain’, dolor ‘pain’; alb. dalloj ‘separate, divide’, djal ‘child, offspring’ (*delno-; cf. Middle Irish del ‘rod’); lat. dolō, -āre ‘hew, work’, dolābra ‘axe’, lengthened grade dōlium ‘barrel’ (like ursl. *dьly ‘barrel’ see below); doleō, dolor see above (but dēleō is likely a new formation due to the perfect dēlēvi ‘I have wiped out, erased’ from dē-lēvi); Old Irish delb f. ‘shape, form’, Middle Welsh delu, Modern Welsh delw ‘image, figure, effigy’, Cornish del, as with causative ablaut Old Irish dolb(a)id ‘shapes’, doilbthid ‘potter’ (to Celtic *delu̯ā, *dolu̯-, cf. the ū-St. Slavic dьly); perhaps Old Irish fo-dālim ‘discern, separate’ (etc., see Pedersen KG.II 502 f.), Cornish didaul ‘without’ (cf. the Sanskrit and Baltic-Slavic words for ‘part’), Welsh gwa-ddol ‘a portion or dowry’ as o-forms alongside δηλέομαι (equally possibly to be related to *dā-l- on *dā(i)- ‘divide’); probably Middle Irish del ‘staff, rod’ (as ‘split piece of wood’), Cornish dele ‘antenna’ (or to θάλλω Indo-European *dhā̆l-, whose certain affiliations, however, only show a-vocalism; with meaning transfer Albanian djalë ‘child, youth’ see below dhā̆l-);