The Art and Architecture of the Synagogue 2 - Arise and Build: American Synagogues (Samuel Gruber) скачать в хорошем качестве

The Art and Architecture of the Synagogue 2 - Arise and Build: American Synagogues (Samuel Gruber)

Jews came to America in three main waves. In the 17th and 18th centuries descendants of Spanish Jews – mostly living under Dutch or English rule – settled in the New World and many participated in the War of Independence. By 1800, these Sephardi Jews built synagogues in five cities – Philadelphia, New York, Newport, Charleston, and Savannah. By the mid-19th century, thousands of Central European Jews joined the mass emigration to the United States caused by political unrest and economic instability in Europe, and these immigrants established synagogues from coast to coast. Through synagogue design, Dr. Gruber traces changes in the organization of the American Jewish community and its relationship to American culture. The location, size, shape, and stylistic language adopted for synagogue designs throughout the century reflects the changing needs and values of American Jews. This lecture presents a wide range of synagogue types and styles, including humble and grand houses of worship, and synagogues in cities, towns and rural areas. While most publications on synagogue history and architecture focus on a few main population centers, the talk will introduce synagogue – past and present – from across America. Dr. Samuel D. Gruber is an internationally recognized expert on Jewish art, architecture and the historic preservation of Jewish sites and monuments and has been a leader in the documentation, protection, and preservation of historic Jewish sites worldwide for thirty years. He presently directs Gruber Heritage Global, a cultural resource consulting firm and is president of the not-for-profit International Survey of Jewish Monuments. He lives in Syracuse, New York, where since 1994, he has taught art history and Jewish Studies at Syracuse University, and is also Visiting Associate Professor of Jewish Studies at Cornell University. Dr. Gruber is an expert in synagogue architecture about which he writes and lectures frequently.