Doping in sport - Most commonly used substances for doping? скачать в хорошем качестве

Doping in sport - Most commonly used substances for doping?

would take a drug that would guarantee you, overwhelming success in sport, but cause you to die after five years? Approximately half the athletes responded that they would take the drug. Over 30% of Athletics admit, having used banned substances during their careers. Yes among humans, there is always big temptation to use something magical and get success easy. That’s why, they try to take stimulants, steroids, anabolic drugs, hormones, diuretics and other drugs, which improves their athletic performance. In sport.. Using such drugs, collectively referred as doping.. In competitive sports, doping is banned. More then 192 banned drugs and ‘performance enhancing methods’ are registered by WADA. WADA is World Anti-Doping Authority. But we discuss several most commonly used doping drugs: Anabolic drugs. for example: Testosterone and other androgens, such as boldenose, closterbol and danazol. They increase protein within cells, especially in skeletal muscles. They increase energy and aggressiveness. But also lots of side effects. Including mental problems, kidney problems or failure, liver damage and tumors. Prominent breasts in men. Shrunken testicles and infertility. Women may develop: A deeper voice, which may be irreversible. And Loss of hair which may be also irreversible. Stimulants: Most Commonly used stimulants are Amphetamines, ephedrine and cocaine. They reduces tiredness and fatigue, increase energy, increase heart rate and metabolism. increase alertness, competitiveness and aggressiveness. But they have side effects too: such as anxiety, panicattacs, seizures, headaches, aggression and paranoia. It affects heart and sometimes causes cardiac arrest and death. Caffeine, chocolate and nicotine also represents stimulants. They are not banned in sport. By WADA. Theobromine is active ingredient of chocolate which is considered stimulant but. Chocolate stimulant effect is lower compared to caffeine. Hormones and related substances; such as: Growth hormone, gonadotropins, insulin and corticotrophins. Human growth hormone is a naturally occurring hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland. and is one of the major hormones influencing growth and development. For adults who have a growth hormone deficiency, injections of Human growth hormone can: • Increase exercise capacity • Increase bone density • Increase muscle mass • Decrease body fat But actually, the deficiency of growth hormone deficiency is rare and associated with tumor in brain. Misuse of growth hormone may lead to life-threatening health conditions, especially, athletes who use growth hormone to enhance performance, are taking 10 times the therapeutic dosage. Some reported side effects of hGH are abnormal bone growth, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, cardiomyopathy, glucose intolerance, colonic polyps, decreased life span, and cancer. Erythropoietin. Erythropoietin is a naturally occurring hormone produced by the kidney. that stimulates red blood cell production in the bone marrow in response to low circulating oxygen levels. Athletes use erythropoietin to increase oxygen and energy level in the body . Before, erythropoietin was not available as a drug. And athletes they were doing more complex and dangerous doping technique referred to as "blood doping". In this technique an athlete donates his own blood several months before a competition, stores it and transfuses it back into himself prior to competing. This technique is fraught with problems and health risk. erythropoietin accomplishes this same effect by increasing red blood cells, which results in more oxygen in circulation. Other common drugs used as a doping. Beta-2 agonists for example salbutamol. Increases - they cause smooth muscle relaxation. β2 adrenergic agonists' effects on smooth muscle cause dilation of bronchial passages, vasodilation in muscle and, and release of insulin. Diuretics for example Athletes use it for excrete water from body, for rapid weight loss. Alcohol and beta blockers also prohibited. beta-blockers lower the heart rate and have a strongly relaxing effect, and also because they prevent muscle trembling, abuse for doping purposes occurs in sports that require particular accuracy and concentration, e.g. in shooting, archery, Gene doping which means: the transfer of genes or genetically modified cells into an individual aim to improve pefomance. By Neilsmith38 - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index... By BruceBlaus. When using this image in external sources it can be cited as:Blausen.com staff (2014). "Medical gallery of Blausen Medical 2014". WikiJournal of Medicine 1 (2). DOI:10.15347/wjm/2014.010. ISSN 2002-4436. - Own work, CC BY 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index...