Understanding Dysmenorrhea: A guide for women скачать в хорошем качестве

Understanding Dysmenorrhea: A guide for women

Dysmenorrhea is a Greek term for "painful monthly bleeding”. More than half of women who menstruate have some pain for 1 to 2 days each month. Usually, the pain is mild. But for some women, the pain is so severe that it keeps them from doing their normal activities for several days a month. Primary dysmenorrhea begins within about 2 years of menarche or once ovulatory cycles have been established. It is more often a diagnosis made in adolescents and young adults. The cyclic pain starts within a few hours of the onset of menses and usually resolves within 72 hours. The pain is located midline in the pelvis and may radiate to the lumbar area of the back or upper legs. It may be crampy and episodic and is usually similar in each menstrual cycle. Concomitant symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, headaches, dizziness, fatigue, and sleep difficulties. The cause is believed due to the hypersecretion of Prostaglandins (PGs) from the endometrium, the lining of the uterus. PGs cause pain by increasing uterine contractions and uterine pressure.   NSAIDs such as aspirin, ibuprofen and naproxen have been shown to be effective in the treatment of dysmenorrhea. The main mechanism of action of NSAIDs is the inhibition of the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX). Cyclooxygenase is required to convert arachidonic acid into thromboxanes, prostaglandins, and prostacyclins. Use of an NSAID on a scheduled basis starting 1 to 2 days prior to the onset of pain has been shown to work better than when an NSAID is used on an as-needed basis. #womenshealth #modernfertility #dysmenorrhoea #menstruation #menstrualproblems #menstrualpain