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Black Top (Tres Hermanas Mountains)

Tres Hermanas Mountains (Part 5): Black Top The Tres Hermanas Mountains is a small mountain range 4 miles northwest of Columbus, New Mexico. The most recognizable feature of this range are three prominent peaks that are nearly perfectly aligned. These peaks are part of an intrusive body composed of a porphyritic quartz monzonite – granite (Leonard, 1982). The stock intrudes older Paleozoic – Mesozoic sedimentary rock and older Cenozoic igneous rock that layer the area (Balk, 1961; Leonard, 1982). Younger rhyolite and rhyolite – quartz latite overlay the previously mentioned rocks and are what comprise most of the lower peaks in the Tres Hermanas Mountains and Greasewood Hills (Leonard, 1982). The youngest volcanics in the area overlay the rhyolite – quartz latite and are composed of an aphanitic – porphyritic basalts of varying composition (Leonard, 1982; Frantes, 1981). The youngest basalts in the Tres Hermanas Mountains are associated with the Palomas Volcanic Field (Leonard, 1982). A smaller peak, Back Top, resides on the southwestern edge of the Tres Hermanas Mountains and is composed of these basalts. Much to my regret, I did not collect samples from Black Top. Most of my observations stem from memory and photographs taken. The observed basalts at Black Top were a black – gray, aphanitic – porphyritic basalt, fine – medium grained plagioclase, and fine – medium grained iddingsite, and some fine – medium grained pyroxene. Many of the outcrops on Black Top were dense, spheroidal, and some appeared almost pillow-like. Based on cone morphology (slope angle, cone height, and Landsat thematic imagery) calculations and limited radiometric (K-Ar) data, the ages of the Palomas volcanics are constrained to be between approximately 2.9 – 5.2 Ma. (Hoffer et al., 1998; Frantes and Hoffer, 1982). The volcanics of the Palomas Volcanic Field are a result of faulting and extensional processes of the Rio Grande Rift and/or Basin and Range tectonics (Frantes, 1981). Since the basalts that are found at Black Top have been associated with the Palomas Volcanic Field, the rocks at Black Top likely fall within this age range. References: Balk, Robert, 1962, Geologic Map of Tres Hermanas Mountains: New Mexico State Bureau of Mines and Mineral Resources, Map 16, Scale 1:48000 Frantes, Thomas, J., 1981, The geology of the Palomas Volcanic Field Luna County, New Mexico and Chihuahua, Mexico. Unpublished MS thesis, University of Texas at El Paso, p. 70 Frantes, Thomas, J., 1982, Palomas volcanic field, southern New Mexico and northern Chihuahua, Mexico, New Mexico Geology, v. 4, p. 6 – 8 Hoffer, Jerry, M., Penn, Brian, S., Quezada, Oscar, A., and Morales, Monica, 1998, Qualitative age relationships of late Cenozoic cinder cones, southern Rio Grande Rift, utilizing cone morphology and Landsat thematic imagery: A preliminary assessment, New Mexico Geological Society Guidebook, 49th Field Conference, p. 123 – 128 Leonard, Mary Lou, 1982, The geology of the Tres Hermanas Mountains, Luna County, New Mexico. Unpublished MS thesis, University of Texas at El Paso, p. 105 All photos and videos were taken by Alexander F. O'Connor. Soundtrack by Alexander F. O'Connor. Video produced using Corel VideoStudio Ultimate 2023 by 2023 Corel Corporation. Music production, mixing, and editing made possible using Music Maker (64-bit) Version 33.1.1.19 by MAGIX Software GmbH. For State Land Recreational Access Permit go to: https://www.nmstatelands.org/outdoorr... For full trip report log on to: https://listsofjohn.com This series is joyfully dedicated to my sisters: Monica, Linza, and Megan. I am not responsible for anyone choosing to explore the desert or mountains themselves. All persons are solely responsible for their own decision-making, whereabouts, well-being, and safety. Thank you for watching.