Cruise through Hippocampal Neuropil: Brain Cells Visualized скачать в хорошем качестве

Cruise through Hippocampal Neuropil: Brain Cells Visualized

This video features a 3D visualization of all the brain cells in a tiny area of a rat brain. To give you an idea of how small it is, it is roughly the size of a single red blood cell -- and in this tiny volume, there are 500 synapses (connections between brain cells). By examining these 3D visualizations, the Harris Lab learns how the brain changes as it undergoes learning -- resources are shuttled around and synapses disappear or enlarge in the fluid and dynamic process of memory creation. In this video, the brain cell processes are distinguished by color: dendrites (yellow), axons (green), and astroglia (blue). It also shows the subcellular components: synapses, microtubules, smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER), polyribosomes, and mitochondria. The volume is roughly 6 by 6 by 5 microns from area CA1 of the rat hippocampus. (The hippocampus is the area of the brain responsible for learning and memory, and the neuropil is an area of the brain with a high concentration of synaptic connections.) The video was created by tracing the processes in the grayscale 2D electron microscope images (as seen in the video) in a program named Reconstruct, which then combines all the 2D traces to create the 3D images. The rat brain was cut into tiny slices and then imaged with an electron microscope, and the resulting images were opened in Reconstruct. For more information, please check out our paper on this topic (http://www.nature.com/articles/sdata2..., in which the subject of this video is referred to as the apical volume. Our website, SynapseWeb (http://synapseweb.clm.utexas.edu/), contains even more tutorials on brain anatomy as well as a free download of the program Reconstruct (http://synapseweb.clm.utexas.edu/soft.... Our collaborators at the Open Connectome Project host this volume for visualization and download (http://www.openconnectomeproject.org/.... CREDITS University of Texas at Austin Kristen Harris, Josef Spacek, Chandrajit Bajaj, Larry Lindsey, Jared Bowden, Patrick Parker Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic Josef Spacek The Salk Institute, La Jolla, California Terry Sejnowski, Justin Kinney, Tom Bartol, Daniel Keller, Varun Chaturvedi Video created using Blender open source software: www.blender.org Music by: Camille Saint-Saëns, Carnival of the Animals, Aquarium