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The Earliest Customer Complaint

A 4,000-year-old complaint from Ur: Nanni vs. Ea-nasir, the earliest surviving record of a customer disputing bad copper—weights, measures, and Bronze-Age “consumer protection.” What did a buyer do in 1750 BCE when a merchant delivered the wrong grade of metal? He wrote it in clay. In this video: the world of Ur without coins, how tablets worked as contracts and receipts, why weights and measures mattered, what Old Babylonian law (incl. traditions linked to Hammurabi) said about interest caps and rigged scales, and how a single complaint could threaten a merchant’s reputation and cash flow. Why this matters: This tablet is widely cited as the earliest surviving, verifiable written complaint. It shows that documentation, fair measures, and public hearings were part of commerce millennia before modern consumer law. Disclaimer: Educational commentary based on publicly available sources; “earliest” refers to the earliest surviving verifiable record. Some visuals are historical re-creations. Sources & credits below. Selected sources & further reading: • Museum record: Complaint tablet of Nanni vs. Ea-nasir (Ur, c. 1750 BCE) — object entry & translations. • Old Babylonian law traditions: weights, measures, and interest practices. • Excavation context of Ur and the house archive (Woolley). • Studies on Dilmun–Ur copper trade and merchant–agent disputes. Chapters: 00:00 Intro — The tablet that accused a merchant 02:00 Ur without coins: grain, silver, and clay IOUs 05:00 The deal goes wrong: bad copper & refusal 08:00 From tablet to tribunal: law, oaths, remedies 12:00 Proving quality: weights, inspection, witnesses 16:00 When disputes hit cash flow: reputation & risk 20:00 Clean-slate edicts and limits of relief 24:00 Lessons for today: documentation & trust Ea-nasir, Ea nasir, Nanni, Ur, Mesopotamia, Sumer, Babylonia, Hammurabi, cuneiform, complaint tablet, earliest complaint, ancient fraud, bad copper, consumer protection, weights and measures, Dilmun, Tigris, Euphrates, Bronze Age, Assyriology, archaeology, Old Babylonian law, British Museum, Leonard Woolley, clean slate edict, debt amnesty, merchant, tablet letter, history documentary, ancient trade