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This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gu%E1%B... 00:01:30 1 Terminology 00:04:22 2 The gunas under various philosophies 00:05:03 2.1 Samkhya school of Hinduism 00:07:19 2.2 Nyaya school of Hinduism 00:09:04 2.3 Vaisheshika school of Hinduism 00:10:15 2.4 Bhagavad Gita 00:12:26 3 Guna in theory of ethics 00:14:01 4 Guna in cosmology 00:14:49 5 Guna in other contexts 00:14:59 5.1 Sanskrit grammar 00:16:28 5.2 Ayurveda 00:17:10 6 See also 00:17:25 7 Further reading Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago. Learning by listening is a great way to: increases imagination and understanding improves your listening skills improves your own spoken accent learn while on the move reduce eye strain Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone. Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio: https://assistant.google.com/services... Other Wikipedia audio articles at: https://www.youtube.com/results?searc... Upload your own Wikipedia articles through: https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts Speaking Rate: 0.9886657292486241 Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-D "I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think." Socrates SUMMARY ======= Guṇa depending on the context means "string, thread, or strand", or "virtue, merit, excellence", or "quality, peculiarity, attribute, property".The concept is originally notable as a feature of Samkhya philosophy, though possibly a later feature of it. The gunas are now a key concept in nearly all schools of Hindu philosophy. There are three gunas, according to this worldview, that have always been and continue to be present in all things and beings in the world. These three gunas are called: sattva (goodness, constructive, harmonious), rajas (passion, active, confused), and tamas (darkness, destructive, chaotic). All of these three gunas are present in everyone and everything, it is the proportion that is different, according to Hindu worldview. The interplay of these gunas defines the character of someone or something, of nature and determines the progress of life.In some contexts, it may mean "a subdivision, species, kind, quality", or an operational principle or tendency of something or someone. In human behavior studies, Guna means personality, innate nature and psychological attributes of an individual.Like all Sanskrit technical terms, guṇa can be difficult to summarize in a single word. Its original and common meaning is a thread, implying the original materials that weave together to make up reality. The usual, but approximate translation in common usage is "quality".