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Broca's Area & Broca's Aphasia

As neurosurgeons, we are always trying to learn how to perform surgery more safely, and to protect areas of the brain in charge of important functions like speech. Thus, it is important to be very specific with regard to what areas of brain we say are critical for speech function. Historically, "Broca's Area" is anatomically defined as the pars opercularis and pars triangularis of the inferior frontal gyrus. "Broca's aphasia" is a speech deficit syndrome where patients have difficulty producing speech, but are able to comprehend speech. These eponymous labels are often taught as being associated with one another--i.e., if you have a lesion (surgery, stroke, etc.) in Broca's area, you will get Broca's aphasia. In this video I summarize a study I published showing that its not that simple, and we can often operate on tumors through Broca's area with minimal speech deficits postoperatively.