5 inch Gauge 6233 Duchess of Sutherland on Tour at Wigan and District Model Engineering Society скачать в хорошем качестве

5 inch Gauge 6233 Duchess of Sutherland on Tour at Wigan and District Model Engineering Society

5" Gauge 6233 'Duchess of Sutherland doing a lap of Wigan and District Model Engineering Society track at their open day 27th July 2014. The London Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) Coronation Class is a class of express passenger steam locomotives designed by William Stanier. They were an enlarged version of the LMS Princess Royal Class. Several examples were originally built as streamlined, though this was later removed. The non-streamlined locomotives were often referred to as Duchesses, though to enginemen they were often known as Big Lizzies. They were the most powerful passenger steam locomotives ever to be built for the British railway network, estimated at 3300 horsepower and making them far more powerful than the diesel engines that replaced them. The first five locomotives, Nos. 6220–6224, were built in 1937 at Crewe. They were streamlined and painted Caledonian Railway blue with silver horizontal lines to match the Coronation Scot train they were built to haul.[2] Stanier was absent from the LMS during the period in which the design was developed, and the chief draughtsman at Derby, Tom Coleman, was responsible for most of the detailed design.[3] It was Coleman who designed the streamlined casing.[2] The streamlining is probably best described as reminiscent of an upside down bathtub and was fitted largely for publicity reasons.[citation needed] Stanier, the designer of the locomotives, felt that the added weight and difficulty in maintenance due to the streamlining was too high a price to pay for the actual benefits gained at high speed.[citation needed] The casing was tested in a wind tunnel, and retained after it was found to be as good as other forms of streamlining.[3] In use its aerodynamic form failed to disturb the air sufficiently to lift the exhaust from the chimney, thus obstructing the driver's vision with smoke.[4] Prior to the introduction of the Coronation service, No. 6220 underwent speed trials with a special train in 1937. Just south of Crewe, the train achieved a speed of 114 miles per hour (183 km/h), beating the previous record for a steam train (held by the LNER) by a slim margin. Insufficient braking distance had been left before entering a series of crossover points at Crewe, and although the train held the rails, much crockery in the dining car was smashed. After this incident, the LMS and LNER agreed to stop dangerous record-breaking runs which were in effect publicity stunts. The second five locomotives of the class, Nos. 6225–6229, were also streamlined, but were painted in the more traditional crimson lake, with gilt horizontal lining. This was to match the standard LMS stock and a planned brand new Coronation train made up of articulated coaches. Although a prototype for this was built and exhibited in America it was never put into service due to the outbreak of the Second World War. The next batch was built without streamlining. They were considered to be very handsome locomotives, particularly by hundreds of "Steam Railway" magazine readers when the magazine conducted a poll about the proposal to streamline "Duchess of Sutherland" as well as "Duchess of Hamilton". The decision to restrict streamlining to the latter locomotive was greeted with relief by the majority of readers, whilst many deplored the decision to re-streamline "Duchess of Hamilton" as an undeserved return to an ugly design with no running merits, although some welcomed the locomotive's return to its original form as, at the least,an historic record of a short-lived styling fashion.[citation needed] World War Two initially interrupted the building of further locomotives, but given the dire shortage of express motive power, several more were then completed during the war and were turned out in unlined black. Nos. 6253–6256 were turned out in 1946 in LMS lined black. The last two locomotives were constructed to a modified design, with roller bearings, by George Ivatt and were built in 1947 (No. 6256) and 1948 (No. 46257). In 1948, British Railways were nationalised, and the class's numbers were changed; in common with other LMS locomotives, 40000 was added to the original numbers. No. 46257 was completed after nationalisation. Single chimneys were initially fitted to Nos. 6220–6234 when built. These were replaced with double chimneys between 1939 and 1944. From No. 6235 onwards, the locomotives were built with double chimneys. Smoke deflectors were added from 1945 due to drifting smoke obscuring the crew's forward vision. The last five locomotives were completed with smoke deflectors fitted.