What are Paraphilic Disorders? скачать в хорошем качестве

What are Paraphilic Disorders?

This video answers the question: What are paraphilic disorders? There are eight paraphilic disorders listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM). To understand them, we must first talk about paraphilia as a construct. A paraphilia is not the same thing as a paraphilic disorder and it's not the same thing as sexual dysfunction. The sexual dysfunctions are a completely different set of disorders in a different section of the DSM and they include disorders like female orgasmic disorder and erectile dysfunction, not the disorders we see in the paraphilic disorders section. Paraphilia is an intense and persistent sexual interest, other than sexual interest in genital stimulation or preparatory fondling, with phenotypically normal, physically mature, consenting human partners. What phenotypically means here is characteristics that we can observe in an organism. A paraphilia is necessary for a diagnosis of a paraphilic disorder, but it's not sufficient in and of itself. A paraphilia does not necessarily require or justify some sort of treatment. It can if a client has a paraphilia and they want that to be the focus of treatment, but it's not required. Paraphilic disorders, of course, are usually thought of as requiring or justifying treatment in most instances. There are two major paraphilic disorder categories in the DSM: anomalous activity preferences and anomalous target preferences. Under the anomalous activity preferences, we can further subdivide that into courtship disorders and algolagnic disorders. The courtship disorders have characteristics that seem to be distorted courtship behaviors like voyeuristic or frotteuristic disorder. The algolagnic disorders have the involvement of pain or suffering like sexual sadism disorder. The second broad category anomalous target preferences. As the name indicates is more about a target than an activity. Here we see disorders like fetishistic disorder. I mentioned before that a paraphilia is not a paraphilic disorder, so how can we differentiate paraphilias from paraphilic disorders. Well, we know there are eight paraphilic disorders and all of these eight disorders have at least a Criterion A and a Criterion B. Some of those sorters also have a Criterion C and, of course, some have specifiers and subtypes. Criterion A is really about the qualitative nature of the paraphilia. For example, sexual arousal from the suffering of another would be related to sexual sadism disorder. Criterion B is related to the negative consequences of that intense sexual interest and arousal. Here we would see clinically significant distress and perhaps functional impairment like in social, work, or school areas, or the disorder could be causing harm. Usually, the way we look at this is if Criterion A is met and Criterion B is met and any other criteria are also met, of course, that would be a paraphilic disorder. However, if Criterion A is met and criterion B is not met, we usually refer to this as a benign paraphilia. This is a paraphilia that does not have a clinical component to it. It's not classified as a disorder, rather it's just a condition and again it may be the focus of treatment or it may not. Kafka, M. (2012). Axis I psychiatric disorders, paraphilic sexual offending and implications for pharmacological treatment. The Israel Journal of Psychiatry and Related Sciences, 49(4), 255–261.