38. Vertebral fractures – types and treatment скачать в хорошем качестве

38. Vertebral fractures – types and treatment

38. Vertebral fractures – types and treatment The spinal column forms a double S-shaped curve and its stability is crucial for locomotion, weight bearing, and neurostructure protection. Diagnosis (General Spinal Trauma/Pathology): Diagnosis requires anamnesis, physical and neurological examination, and radiographic evaluation (X-ray, CT, MRI, often functional X-rays). CT is used to diagnose skull fractures and spinal trauma. Scintigraphy may be used for compressive fractures of the vertebrae. Vertebral Fracture Types: Specific classifications (e.g., compression, burst, flexion-distraction) for traumatic vertebral fractures. Treatment Principles (General Spinal Surgery): Surgical aims include recovery/maintenance of neurological functions, restoration of stability, and patient comfort/early rehabilitation. • Resection: Removal of soft tissues (e.g., disc) or bone. • Osteosynthesis: Stabilization using rigid or dynamic instrumentation. • Fusion: Connection of adjacent vertebrae, with or without instrumentation. • Defect Filling: Vertebroplasty and Kyphoplasty.