Supracondylar Fracture; break in the distal humerus just above the condyles скачать в хорошем качестве

Supracondylar Fracture; break in the distal humerus just above the condyles

A supracondylar fracture is a break in the distal humerus just above the condyles, most commonly seen in children (especially ages 5–10). It is the most common pediatric elbow fracture and often results from a fall on an outstretched hand. 🔎 Types (Based on Displacement) Extension type (≈95%): Distal fragment displaced posteriorly. Flexion type (≈5%): Distal fragment displaced anteriorly. 📌 Clinical Features Pain, swelling, and deformity around the elbow. Limited movement. Possible neurovascular compromise (injury to brachial artery or median/ulnar nerve). “S-shaped” deformity in displaced fractures. 🩺 Diagnosis X-ray: AP and lateral views of the elbow. Look for displacement above the condyles. Assess Baumann’s angle for alignment. Clinical exam: Check distal pulses and neurological function. ⚙️ Management Non-displaced fractures: Immobilization in a posterior splint or cast. Displaced fractures: Closed reduction and percutaneous pinning (most common). Open reduction if closed reduction fails or vascular compromise persists. Emergency care: Assess and restore circulation. Avoid tight casting to prevent compartment syndrome. 🚑 Complications Neurovascular injury: Brachial artery, median nerve, radial nerve. Compartment syndrome: Can lead to Volkmann’s ischemic contracture. Malunion: Cubitus varus (“gunstock deformity #Supracondylar #Fracture