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Devil’s Hole Death Valley

DEVIL'S HOLE DEATH VALLEY: Ash Meadows National Wildlife Refuge. Myths, Mystery, Legends, and Science. Today we visit the "Devil's Hole" in the Ash Meadows National Wildlife Refuge in Death Valley, Nevada. https://www.fws.gov/refuge/ash_meadows/ The refuge is located in Southern Nevada and approximately 90 miles northwest of Las Vegas. Devils Hole is a fascinating place although the height of the viewing platform doesn't allow for an up-close and personal experience. It has been a part of, and managed by, Death Valley National Park since 1952 although its located within the refuge boundaries. This water filled cavern is home to the smallest and rarest pupfish in the world, the Devils Hole pupfish. The water maintains a temperature of 93° (F) all year-round. Professional scuba divers from Death Valley National Park have mapped the depth to 500 feet but the bottom has never been found. Three scuba divers broke through the fence in 1965 and two went missing. There were 44 rescue divers that spent 3 days searching for them but no trace was ever found. An interesting fact about Devils Hole is that within minutes of an earthquake somewhere in the world waves as high as 6 feet tall have occurred in Devils Hole. The primary objectives are to prevent extinction of the Devils Hole pupfish and support recovery efforts, which include propagating other organisms found in Devils Hole (snails, algae, etc.) and conducting relevant research. Establishing a refuge population of Devils Hole pupfish reduces the risk of extinction, while increasing their numbers. Viable populations of the pupfish in locations apart from Devils Hole provide a level of insurance against total loss of the species. The vast size and depth of this geothermal water system have never been fully reached or recorded, though a few have died while exploring the caves. This makes it difficult to believe that directly below its surface lies a system of sprawling water-filled caves which are home to many species of ancient and evolving fish. One gateway into the flooded caverns is a highly protected fissure called Devil’s Hole. In 1965 twenty year old Paul Giancontieri, and nineteen year old David Rose went “skindiving” in Devil’s Hole. Equipped with only snorkel masks and flippers the two teenagers dove into the hole which is said to extend to a depth of over 900 feet, and is shaped like an inverted funnel. Despite a rigorous rescue effort (there are pockets of air trapped within the cave where someone could theoretically survive for a time) neither of the men were found. Though it is fenced off completely and the entrance is heavily monitored, it has fascinated several travelers over the years, including the infamous one-time Death Valley resident and convicted cult leader, Charles Manson. When Manson arrived in Death Valley he became obsessed with finding a mysterious hole that would that would lead his “family” to water and a safe place to live in the desert. He wandered the wastelands for days on end looking for this place—and finally found it at Devil’s Hole. Rumor has it that he spent three days sitting cross-legged, staring, and meditating inside the fenced-in observation point near the 60,000-year-old fissure. He was sure that the waters were just blocking the door to the underground kingdom that would provide shelter and water for his group when it was needed—and all he had to do was find a way to drain it first. Devil’s Hole has one other unique claim to fame—it measures seismic activity throughout the world. Earthquakes as far away as Indonesia have caused the waters to splash over six feet above normal levels. These seismic waves have been likened to mini-underground tsunamis and have continued to happen even when the earth shakes halfway around the planet. https://www.ranker.com/list/devils-ho... Divers have explored as far as 436 feet down and could see another 150 feet below them, and experts suspect it could go 900 feet down or more. They don't know for sure because there hasn't been an expedition to reach the bottom. Some suspect the water connects with locations across the world, due to how Devils Hole reacts to seismic events in other countries. Paiute (/ˈpaɪjuːt/; also Piute) refers to three non-contiguous groups of indigenous peoples of the Great Basin. Although their languages are related within the Numic group of Uto-Aztecan languages, these three groups do not form a single set. The term "Paiute" does not refer to a single, unique, unified group of Great Basin tribes, but is a historical label comprising: Northern Paiute of northeastern California, northwestern Nevada, eastern Oregon, and southern Idaho Southern Paiute of northern Arizona, southern Nevada, and southwestern Utah Mono people of east central California, divided into Owens Valley Paiute (Eastern Mono) and Western Mono (Monache)