Melanoma Metastasis to the cerebrum скачать в хорошем качестве

Melanoma Metastasis to the cerebrum

Melanoma metastasis to the cerebrum is a serious and often late-stage complication of malignant melanoma, the most aggressive form of skin cancer. The brain—particularly the cerebrum—is a common site for melanoma to spread due to its rich blood supply and the cancer’s tendency to invade vascular structures. 🧠 Why the Cerebrum? The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain and controls higher functions like memory, reasoning, and voluntary movement. Melanoma cells can travel through the bloodstream and lodge in cerebral vessels, forming metastatic tumors. These metastases often occur at the gray-white matter junction, where blood flow slows and tumor cells can settle. ⚠️ Symptoms of Cerebral Melanoma Metastasis Symptoms depend on the location and size of the metastases: Headaches Seizures Personality changes or confusion Weakness or paralysis on one side Visual disturbances Nausea and vomiting Mental status alterations2 🧪 Imaging & Diagnosis MRI is the gold standard, often showing: Hyperintense lesions on T1 (due to melanin or hemorrhage) Hypointense on T2 Intratumoral hemorrhage, which is more common in melanoma than other brain metastases CT scans may show nodules with increased attenuation and frequent hemorrhage 🩺 Treatment Options Management has improved dramatically in recent years: Surgical resection for accessible lesions Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) or whole-brain radiation Immunotherapy (e.g., checkpoint inhibitors like nivolumab and ipilimumab) Targeted therapy for BRAF-mutant melanoma Corticosteroids to reduce cerebral edema Some patients with active brain metastases now show survival rates comparable to those without brain involvement when treated early with combination immunotherapy. #Melanoma #Metastasis #cerebrum