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Ubuntu Terminal Commands (Basics)

Command Description sudo Executes a command with administrator (root) privileges. mkdir Creates a new directory/folder. chown Changes the owner and group ownership of a file or directory. chmod Changes the permissions (read, write, execute) of files or directories. ls Lists files and directories in the current folder. cd Changes the current directory. pwd Displays the current working directory path. touch Creates a new empty file. echo Displays text or writes text into a file. cat Displays the content of a file. cp Copies a file or directory. mv Moves or renames files and directories. rm Deletes files or directories. less Displays file contents in a scrollable view. head Shows the first lines of a file. tail Shows the last lines of a file. wc Counts lines, words, and characters in a file. nano A terminal text editor used to edit files. grep Searches for specific words or patterns in files. find Searches for files or directories based on name, type, or other criteria. pipe ( | ) Sends the output of one command as input to another command.