Anatomy & Physiology (89) Reflex Arch | Reflex Activity in Nervous System | Nervous System | HAP скачать в хорошем качестве

Anatomy & Physiology (89) Reflex Arch | Reflex Activity in Nervous System | Nervous System | HAP

Download the "Solution Pharmacy" Mobile App to Get All Uploaded Notes, Model Question Papers, Answer Papers, Online Tests and other GPAT Materials - https://play.google.com/store/apps/de... The term "reflex arc" refers to the neural pathway that mediates a reflex action in the body. Reflex arcs are the basic building blocks of reflexes, which are involuntary and nearly instantaneous responses to a specific stimulus. Reflexes are essential for the body's survival and protection, as they enable rapid responses without involving conscious thought or the brain's higher cognitive centers. The components of a typical reflex arc include: 1. Receptor: The receptor is a specialized sensory structure or nerve ending that detects the stimulus from the environment or within the body. It can be located in the skin, muscles, tendons, organs, or other tissues. 2. Sensory Neuron: Once the receptor detects the stimulus, it generates an electrical signal (nerve impulse). The sensory neuron, also known as the afferent neuron, carries this nerve impulse from the receptor to the spinal cord or brainstem. Sensory neurons have their cell bodies located in the dorsal root ganglia (in the case of spinal reflexes) or cranial nerve ganglia (in the case of cranial reflexes). 3. Integration Center: The integration center is the region within the spinal cord or brainstem where the sensory neuron synapses with interneurons (connecting neurons). In simple reflex arcs, the integration may occur directly in the spinal cord, but in more complex reflexes, it may involve the brainstem or higher brain centers. 4. Motor Neuron: The interneurons in the integration center relay the processed information to motor neurons, also known as efferent neurons. These motor neurons carry the nerve impulse from the spinal cord or brainstem back to the effector organ, which is usually a muscle or gland. 5. Effector: The effector is the muscle or gland that carries out the reflex response. When the motor neuron reaches the effector, it stimulates the muscle to contract or the gland to secrete, producing the reflex action. 6. Reflex Response: The reflex response is the involuntary action produced by the effector in response to the initial stimulus. For example, if you touch a hot object, the sensory receptors in your skin detect the heat (stimulus), and the reflex arc quickly causes your hand muscles to contract, pulling your hand away from the hot object (reflex response), even before you consciously realize what has happened. Get in touch with the solution by just clicking the following links- Facebook Group-   / solutionpharamcy   Mobile App - https://play.google.com/store/apps/de... New Channel (Pharmacy Dictionary)    / @pharmacydictionary   E-Mail for official and other work - solutionpharmacy@gmail.com #solutionpharmacy #Pharmacologyclass #Pharmacognosyvideos #GPAT