11 Arduino if скачать в хорошем качестве

11 Arduino if

This tutorial explains the if... else if statement in Arduino programming, a control structure used for managing multiple conditions within a single script. While basic commands handle simple binary logic, this advanced structure allows the hardware to evaluate several distinct scenarios, such as varying sensor distances or levels of LED brightness. The source demonstrates this by creating a project where a single push button cycles through different intensity levels by incrementing a counter variable. By utilizing PWM pins and specific syntax, the program ensures that only the first true condition is executed while skipping the rest to maintain efficiency. Ultimately, the guide provides both the theoretical logic and a practical demonstration to help users transition from basic to complex coding. The provided sources describe the 11th tutorial in an Arduino programming series, focusing on the if... else if statement, a control structure used to implement multiple conditions within a single program. Understanding the if... else if Statement This structure is essential when a simple if-else (which only handles two scenarios) is insufficient. For instance, if you want a buzzer to beep at different speeds based on various distance intervals from a sensor, you need multiple conditions. How the logic flows: • Sequential Checking: The Arduino first checks the condition in the if block. If it is true, the code inside that block executes, and the Arduino skips all subsequent else if and else statements. • Moving to the next condition: If the first condition is false, the Arduino moves to the first else if. If that is true, it executes that block and skips the rest. • The Final Default: If none of the conditions are true, the code inside the final else block is executed. • Exclusivity: It is important to note that out of all the statements in an if... else if... else chain, only one block will ever be executed during a single pass. • Scalability: You can chain as many else if statements as needed to handle numerous conditions. Practical Application: LED Brightness Control The sources illustrate this concept with a project that controls an LED's brightness using a single push button. 1. Hardware Setup: ◦ The push button is connected to digital pin 2 using INPUT_PULLUP. ◦ The LED is connected to digital pin 6, which must be a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) pin to allow for varying brightness levels. 2. The Count Variable: A variable named count is used to track how many times the button has been pressed. Each time the button is detected as pressed (value becomes 0), the program increments the count: count = count + 1. 3. The Logic Chain: ◦ First press (count == 1): LED turns on at 10% brightness (analog value 100). ◦ Second press (count == 2): LED brightness increases (analog value 180). ◦ Third press (count == 3): LED reaches full brightness (analog value 255). ◦ Fourth press (else): The LED turns OFF, and the count is reset to 0 so the cycle can start over. 4. Timing Control: A delay of 200 milliseconds is added at the end of the loop. This is critical because without it, the Arduino's high speed would cause the count to increase multiple times during a single physical button press, making the brightness jump erratically. To visualize this, think of an elevator with several floor buttons. You check the first button; if it's pressed, you go to that floor and stop checking others. If not, you check the next button. If no buttons are pressed, the elevator simply stays on the ground floor (the else condition). Only one destination is chosen at a time, no matter how many buttons are available. How does an if... else if statement handle multiple conditions? Why is a delay used when programming the push button? Explain how the variable 'count' resets after the fourth press.