HORACE ODE 1.4: Solvitur ācris hiems grātā vice Vēris et Favōnī; in Latin & English скачать в хорошем качестве

HORACE ODE 1.4: Solvitur ācris hiems grātā vice Vēris et Favōnī; in Latin & English

#horace #latinpoetry #latinpronunciation Horace Ode 1.4 is addressed to his wealthy friend Sestius, reminding him how important it is to enjoy the pleasures of the spring and summertime of life before the “night” comes. Vocabulary & Grammar: ācris: piercing, sharp, severe hiems: winter solvitur: is melted, is loosened, is dissolved grātā: by the pleasing, welcome vice: change, alternation, turn, succession vēris: of spring Favōnī: of Favonius, god of the west wind, Zephyrus, who accompanies Spring māchinae: the “machines”, mechanical devices used to haul ships out of the sea, and then to launch them in spring. trahunt: drag, haul (back to sea) siccās: dry carīnās: keels; ships, boats neque: neither, and not iam: now; neque iam = no longer pecus: the flock, herd gaudet: rejoice, be glad, take pleasure in + ablative stabulīs: in the stables, because of the stables arātor: plowman ignī: in the fire; refers to sitting around a fire in winter prāta: meadows albicant: become white cānīs: white, hoary pruīnīs: frost Cytherēa: Cytherean, of Cythera, island sacred to Venus, near where she was said to be born from sea foam. Venus: responsible for for fertility, gardens and fruit, thus also Spring. dūcit: leads chorōs: dances in a ring, choral dances lūnā: the moon, Luna, goddess of the moon imminente: hanging over, leaning over; “the moon hanging over” as if watching the nocturnal scene. iūnctae: joined together, linked hand in hand Nymphīs: with nymphs, to nymphs decentēs: comely, well-formed, noble Grātiae: the Graces, godesses of loveliness and grace alternō: with alternate, one after the other pede: foot, step quatiunt: shake, beat, strike dum: while Volcānus: Vulcan, god of fire and husband of Venus ārdēns: blazing, on fire, gleaming, glowing, burning with passion; anticipates “calet” and “tepēbunt” below. vīsit: goes to inspect gravīs = graves: oppressive, unpleasant officīnās: workshops where thunderbolts that accompany spring storms are made Cyclōpum: of the Cyclopes, Vulcan’s servants who make Jupiter’s thunderbolts decet: it is fitting, suitable, proper impedīre: to encircle, surround, embrace nitidum: shining, glistening with oil, handsome, beautiful viridī: (with) green myrtō: myrtle, sacred to Venus flōre: with flower, blossom, a wreath of flowers terrae: lands, the earth, the ground(s) solūtae: released (from the cold of winter), loosened, cf. “solvitur” in line 1. ferunt: bear, bring forth, produce et: also, too decet: it is fitting immolāre: to offer a sacrifice Faunō: to Faunus, god of the forest, shepherds and farmers; known for sexual revelry umbrōsīs: shady lūcīs: sacred groves, woods seu: whether poscat: he might desire, request, demand; subj agnā: female lamb; verb of sacrifice can be followed by an ablative sīve: or mālit: would prefer; subjunctive haedō: a young goat Pallida: pale, pallid Mors: death aequō: with equal, impartial pede: foot; refers to the Roman custom of knocking on a door with one’s foot; the repetition of p-sounds imitates knocking pulsat: pounds on, knocks on tabernās: huts, cottages pauperum: of poor people, paupers turrīs = turrēs : towers, castles, palaces rēgum: of kings, of rich and powerful people beāte: fortunate, prosperous Sēstī: Horace’s friend Sestius, consul in 23 BC, but for only half a year. brevis: brief summa: summit, sum, sum total, amount, extent vītae: of life vetat: does not permit, forbids, prohibits incohāre: to begin, commence longam: a long-term, long spem: hope Iam: now, soon; note that “iam” and “nunc” are each used three times in the poem, emphasizing the “carpe diem” theme. nox: night, sybolizing death premet: will oppress, overwhelm, pursue Mānēs: shades, spirits of the dead, gods of the underworld fābulae: celebrated in fable, of fable domus: the house exīlis: wretched; in contrast to Sestius’ current grand “turris” Plūtōnia: Plutonian, belonging to Pluto, of the lower regions quō: where, to which place simul: as soon as meāris = meaveris: you will have gone; future perfect sortiēre = sortiēris: will you draw lots, choose, obtain rēgna: “kingships”, rule, presiding power over a drinking party/symposium; cf. “regum” above. vīnī: of the wine tālīs: with knuckle-bones; a talus was a die marked on four sides and used in games. The “magister” of the drinking party, in charge of how much water to add to the wine, was chosen by lot. mīrābere = miraberis: will you admire, marvel at; 2nd p sing future deponent tenerum: tender, delicate, youthful Lycidān: Lycidas; a Greek youth Sestius seems to be fond of; a Greek acc. form quō: by whom, because of whom omnis: all iuventūs: the youth; sing. used collectively calet: is/are warm/hot, are inflamed with desire; echoes “ardens” above. mox: soon; emphasizing how quickly things change, how soon a youth becomes a man. virginēs: virgins, girls tepēbunt: will be warm, will be enamored