History of China - Chapter 29: Mao Zedong / People's Republic of China (1949 - 1976) скачать в хорошем качестве

History of China - Chapter 29: Mao Zedong / People's Republic of China (1949 - 1976)

🔴📜 History of China - Chapter 29: Mao Zedong / People's Republic of China (1949 - 1976) In this chapter we follow Mao Zedong and the birth of the People’s Republic of China—an era of huge ambition, brutal campaigns, and world-changing pivots. From the triumphant moment in 1949 to the storms of the Cultural Revolution and the dramatic turns of 1976, this is the Mao era as a narrated timeline. 🧭⚡ 🏮 1949–1952: A new state is built • The PRC is proclaimed in Beijing, and the Communist Party moves fast to rebuild authority after decades of war. • Land reform reshapes the countryside, class labels remake social life, and mass campaigns target “counterrevolutionaries.” • Thought reform, neighborhood committees, and public security bureaus expand state reach—right down to daily routines. 🗂️📣 • Patriotic Health Campaigns push sanitation and vaccination, linking “cleanliness” with national strength. 🧼✅ • The 1950 Marriage Law challenges arranged marriage and concubinage, promising new rights—while local reality varies wildly. 💍⚖️ ❄️ 1950–1953: Korea and Cold War fire • China enters the Korean War as the “People’s Volunteers,” fighting under enormous pressure and heavy losses. • The conflict fuels mobilization at home, tightens political control, and deepens China’s break with the U.S. 🌨️🔥 🏭 1953–1957: Planning, industry, and political whiplash • The First Five-Year Plan, Soviet technical aid, and a 1954 constitution formalize institutions—while the Party remains decisive. • Work units (danwei) and rationing organize urban life; the hukou system helps lock food, jobs, and schooling to place. 🏷️🍚 • The Taiwan Strait turns into a Cold War flashpoint (1954–55 and again in 1958), as artillery duels and offshore islands pull Washington and Beijing toward the edge. 🌊⚓ • The Hundred Flowers invites criticism…then the Anti-Rightist Campaign punishes it, scarring intellectual life for decades. 🌸➡️⚖️ 🚀 1958–1962: The Great Leap Forward—dreams and disaster • Communes, backyard furnaces, and inflated targets promise a “leap” into abundance. 🔥🏭 • Procurement pressures and political fear collide with bad policy, leading to famine and a painful retreat into “adjustment.” 🍚📉 • Tibet erupts in 1959; the Dalai Lama flees, and Beijing tightens control as frontier politics harden. 🏔️⚠️ • At the Seven Thousand Cadres Conference (1962), leaders acknowledge grave errors—yet the battle over ideology only intensifies. 🧩 🧨 1963–1965: Tension before the storm • Socialist Education / “Four Cleanups” campaigns target corruption and “bourgeois” habits, while model workers and heroes (like Lei Feng) are elevated as moral templates. 🛠️⭐ • China’s first nuclear test in 1964 signals strategic independence, even as living standards remain strained. ☢️🛰️ • The Hai Rui controversy turns culture into a political weapon—an ominous rehearsal for what comes next. 🎭⚠️ 🔥 1966–1976: The Cultural Revolution and its long echo • The May 16 Notice and Mao’s allies unleash a movement that shatters institutions. • Red Guards attack the “Four Olds,” schools collapse, factions fight, and millions are investigated, displaced, or “sent down” to the countryside. 📚➡️🌾 • The “Third Front” pushes industry inland for security, while politics keeps devouring expertise and trust. ⛰️⚙️ • Foreign policy shifts: after Bandung-era diplomacy, the Sino-Soviet split hardens, border clashes erupt in 1969, China launches a satellite in 1970, gains the UN seat in 1971, and welcomes Nixon in 1972. 🌍🤝 • After Lin Biao’s fall, politics continues through campaigns like “Criticize Lin Biao, Criticize Confucius,” keeping society on permanent alert. 📌 • China also courts the Global South, backing anti-colonial movements and projects like the Tanzania–Zambia Railway—symbolic proof that a poor country could still act big. 🌏🚆 • 1976 brings Zhou Enlai’s death, the Tiananmen mourning protests, the Tangshan earthquake, Mao’s death, Hua Guofeng’s rise, and the arrest of the Gang of Four—closing the era’s most volatile chapter. 🕯️⏳ 🗣️ Inside the storm (what it felt like) • Big-character posters (dazibao), study sessions, and “struggle” rituals turned politics into performance, where the safest sentence was often the loudest one. • A “lost generation” emerges as education breaks: some gain resilience in rural exile, while others carry gaps in schooling and deep caution into the post-Mao years. 🎒🧠 ✨ Legacy Mao’s China expanded literacy, industry, and basic public health—and also left trauma, lost schooling, and a political culture shaped by campaigns and fear. This video weighs both: the founding achievements and the human cost. ⚖️ If you enjoyed this chapter, tap 👍, subscribe 🔔, and tell us which moment of the Mao era you want unpacked next! #HistoryOfChina #MaoZedong #PeopleRepublicOfChina #ChineseHistory #Communism #CulturalRevolution #GreatLeapForward #GreatChineseFamine #KoreanWar #SinoSovietSplit #NixonInChina #ColdWarHistory #ModernChina #Documentary #AsiaHistory