Trichomoniasis - Causes, Signs & Symptoms, Diagnosis, And Treatment скачать в хорошем качестве

Trichomoniasis - Causes, Signs & Symptoms, Diagnosis, And Treatment

Video transcript:- Trichomoniasis is caused by the flagellated protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis. It primarily infects the urogenital tract in both males and females and is almost exclusive transmitted through sexual contact. Upon entering the urogenital epithelium, the organism adheres to squamous epithelial cells of the vagina, urethra, or prostate. It causes cellular damage through mechanical disruption, cytotoxic effects, and secretion of proteolytic enzymes. Cellular injury leads to recruitment of inflammatory cells, especially neutrophils and macrophages, and secretion of various cytokines, which induce an acute inflammatory response. Disruption of the normal vaginal flora, especially Lactobacilli, may enhance colonization of Trichomonas and symptom severity. The infection creates a high vaginal pH, which supports the parasite’s survival and growth. Female patients typically present with signs and symptoms of vaginitis, including frothy, yellow-green, foul smelling vaginal discharge. Vulvar irritation, itching, and burning sensation may also be present. Other symptoms include dysuria, or pain during urination, and dyspareunia, or pain during intercourse. Despite the presence of an infection, some women may be completely asymptomatic. In Males, the infection is often asymptomatic. If present, the most common features include urethritis, dysuria, penile discharge, and symptoms of prostatitis. The infection is diagnosed by demonstrating the organisms in vaginal or urethral discharge under microscope. Due to their high sensitivity and specificity, nucleic Acid Amplification Tests are currently considered the gold-standard in diagnosing the infection. Protozoal culture is used less commonly nowadays and is more sensitive than microscopy. Rapid antigen tests and point-of-care tests are also available. First-line treatment option for trichomoniasis is metronidazole or tinidazole. Sexual partners should be treated simultaneously to prevent reinfection And finally, abstinence from sexual activity until symptoms are resolved and treatment is completed. #medtoday #medicaleducation #std #sti #medicaleducation #medicalknowledge #infection #sexualhealth #reproductivehealth