Cancer Metastasis Explained: Invasion, Angiogenesis, and Therapeutic Targets скачать в хорошем качестве

Cancer Metastasis Explained: Invasion, Angiogenesis, and Therapeutic Targets

Understand how cancer spreads in this high-yield Chapter 3 lecture on metastasis—ideal for students in oncology, medicine, nursing, and biomedical sciences. Topics include: What Is Metastasis? Metastasis is the process by which cancer cells spread from a primary tumor to distant sites via the bloodstream or lymphatic system Tumor Angiogenesis: Tumors stimulate new blood vessel growth using VEGF, FGF, and IL-8 to sustain growth Inhibitors like angiostatin and endostatin can suppress angiogenesis and keep micrometastases dormant Invasion and Spread: Proteases like MMPs and plasmin degrade extracellular matrix, enabling cancer invasion Loss of E-cadherin weakens cell adhesion, enhancing mobility and tissue infiltration Metastatic Routes and Organ Specificity: Tumor cells spread through lymph and blood vessels to distant organs Paget’s 'seed and soil' theory explains why some cancers prefer specific organs like liver, brain, or bones Immune System Evasion: Cancer cells downregulate MHC or tumor antigens to escape cytotoxic T cell detection Genes Regulating Metastasis: Suppressor genes (CAD1, KiSS1, BRMS1) inhibit spread Promoter genes (TWIST) enhance invasion via epithelial-mesenchymal transition Therapeutic Strategies: Inhibiting MMPs, blocking angiogenesis, and enhancing immune surveillance are key approaches under study This lecture breaks down the biological processes of metastasis and highlights current strategies to target cancer spread. Subscribe for more expert-led cancer biology and clinical education content. #CancerMetastasis #Angiogenesis #MMPs #OncologyLecture #TumorSpread #VEGF #TWISTGene #MedicalEducation #NursingLecture #PathophysiologyLecture #MetastaticCancer #CancerBiology