OPA 90 | Oil Pollution Act of 1990 | VRP, Double Hull & Liability | Maritime Law скачать в хорошем качестве

OPA 90 | Oil Pollution Act of 1990 | VRP, Double Hull & Liability | Maritime Law

OPA 90 Explained | Oil Pollution Act of 1990 | VRP, Double Hull & Liability | Maritime Law Guide This video explains the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 (OPA 90), a major U.S. maritime law introduced after the Exxon Valdez oil spill to prevent oil pollution and strengthen spill response in U.S. navigable waters. OPA 90 gives expanded authority to the U.S. Coast Guard to regulate tanker operations, enforce pollution control measures, and approve Vessel Response Plans (VRP) for ships trading to U.S. ports. Every vessel operating in U.S. waters must have an approved VRP detailing prevention, containment, and clean-up arrangements for oil spills. The Act also introduced the mandatory double-hull requirement for oil tankers and tank barges, leading to the gradual phase-out of single-hull vessels. Shipowners are held strictly liable for cleanup costs and damages caused by oil spills, with liability limits running into hundreds of millions of dollars. OPA 90 established the Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund, funded through taxes on crude oil, to ensure rapid response and compensation when responsible parties cannot pay immediately. This topic is important for tanker officers, Merchant Navy cadets, maritime law studies, and MMD orals. 🌐 CONNECT WITH SAILOR RIDER YouTube:    / @sailor_rider   Facebook:   / 19imzynlrp   Instagram:   / sailor_rider   Threads: https://www.threads.com/@sailor_rider 🏷 SEO TAGS opa 90 explained oil pollution act 1990 vessel response plan vrp us coast guard pollution rules double hull tanker law oil spill liability usa oil spill response plan tanker pollution regulations maritime law tanker #OPA90 #OilPollution #MaritimeLaw #TankerOperations