The Dajingmen of Zhangjiakou is not one of the four major passes of the Great Wall скачать в хорошем качестве

The Dajingmen of Zhangjiakou is not one of the four major passes of the Great Wall

In the military design of the Great Wall, there is no Dajingmen; Who named the Dajingmen of Zhangjiakou in Hebei as one of the four great passes of the Great Wall? Some even say it is the first gate of the Great Wall. In the history of Zhangjiakou, there was only one military fort called Zhangjiakou Fort, which was a small garrison base equivalent to the current strength of an army camp, under the jurisdiction of Xuanhua Prefecture. There were no passes or city gates on the nearby Great Wall. In the past, when the steppe nomads invaded the Central Plains, they mostly took the routes of Dushikou, Yuxian, and Xuanhua Huailai, while the direction of Dajingmen was basically without any defense, and it was almost ignored. In the Ming Dynasty, for the convenience of border trade, the leaders of Zhangjiakou Fort made a gap in the city wall, known as the Xiaobei Gate. After the Qing Dynasty entered the customs and gradually realized the unity of the Manchu, Han, Mongolian, and Tibetan peoples, the Great Wall was no longer the border line and basically lost its military function. Even the famous Shanhaiguan, Yanmenguan, Juyongguan, and Niangziguan were all transformed into commercial travel passages. During the Shunzhi period of the Qing Dynasty, in order to facilitate transportation and trade between the Mongols and Han people, the court decided to break the wall and build a gate on the northeast direction of Zhangjiakou Fort, which became known as Dajingmen. After the construction of Dajingmen, it facilitated trade between the Mongols and Han people and became the starting point of the famous Zhangku Highway. Livestock, fur, medicinal herbs, woolen fabrics, silverware, etc. from the Mongolian grasslands and Europe were exchanged here for silk, tea, porcelain, and sugar. Dajingmen became an inland port for international trade in northern China. Therefore, Dajingmen is a gate that opens up the border, not a pass or city gate, and should not be compared in terms of grandeur or military function with other Great Wall passes. In 1927, after local leader Gao Wei-yue inspected Dajingmen, he inscribed the four words "Da Hao He Shan" (Great Beautiful Rivers and Mountains) on the lintel of Dajingmen. It must be said that these four words greatly enhanced the pride of the Chinese people and made Dajingmen famous. Today, when people visit Dajingmen, the four words "Da Hao He Shan" are a must-see.