Nurnberg Germany : Medieval Historic Cities; part 1 Europe travel скачать в хорошем качестве

Nurnberg Germany : Medieval Historic Cities; part 1 Europe travel

Nuremberg was first mentioned in a document from 1050, as “Nourenberc,” meaning “rocky hill” in Old German. Its strategic location on the banks of the Pegnitz River led to its rapid growth as a center of trade and crafts in the Middle Ages. From the 13th to 16th centuries, Nuremberg was one of the most important cities in the Holy Roman Empire. The emperor often resided in the Kaiserburg (Imperial Castle), which still stands proudly today. It was known as a free city of the empire, meaning it enjoyed its own political autonomy. During the Renaissance, Nuremberg became a center of science, art, and technology. Martin Behaim, the creator of the world's oldest globe, also hailed from Nuremberg. During World War II, Nuremberg became a propaganda center. The city was destroyed by Allied bombings, destroying over 90% of the city. After the war, the city became the historic site of the Nuremberg Trials—the first international tribunal for war crimes. Nuremberg's Christkindlesmarkt is one of the oldest and most famous Christmas markets in the world. Although destroyed during the war, many of the historic buildings have been restored. Near the castle is the Way of Human Rights (Straße der Menschenrechte) — a row of large pillars inscribed with human rights articles in various languages. The city has become a symbol of reconciliation and a reminder of the history of war crimes.