MITOCHONDRIA CLASS 11 (+NEB) скачать в хорошем качестве

MITOCHONDRIA CLASS 11 (+NEB)

Mitochondria – The Powerhouse of the Cell Mitochondria are small, double-membrane organelles found in the cells of most living organisms. They are often called the “powerhouse of the cell” because they produce energy in the form of ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate), which powers almost all cellular activities. Each mitochondrion has two membranes: Outer membrane – smooth and protective Inner membrane – folded into structures called cristae, which increase the surface area for energy production Inside the inner membrane is a fluid-filled space called the matrix, which contains enzymes, mitochondrial DNA, and ribosomes. 🔬 Main Function: Mitochondria carry out cellular respiration, a process that converts glucose and oxygen into ATP energy. This process occurs in three main steps: Glycolysis (in the cytoplasm) Krebs Cycle (in the matrix) Electron Transport Chain (on the inner membrane) ⚡ Without mitochondria, cells would not have enough energy to survive and function. 🧬 Interestingly, mitochondria have their own DNA and can replicate independently inside the cell. Scientists believe they evolved from ancient bacteria through a theory called the Endosymbiotic Theory.