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Trevor disease

(dysplasia epiphysealis hemimelica, hemimelic epiphyseal displasia) An asymmetrical limb deformity due to localized overgrowth of cartilage. It is histologically resembling osteochondroma. It is believed to affect the limb bud in early fetal life. The condition occurs mostly in the ankle or knee region on the medial side of the epiphysis and is always confined to a single limb. (Risk factor) • Male (3 times than female) (Comparison) • ostechondroma (hereditary multiple exostoses): The genetic expressions are lower in genes EXT1 and EXT2. • synovial chondromatosis: Occurs in a much older age group. • anterior ankle impingement syndrome: Caused by chronic repetitive trauma with impingement of the anterior tibia against the talus. • post-traumatic arthritis: A type of osteoarthritis caused by an injury like a bone fracture or dislocation. (Treatment) • Asymptomatic: No treatment needed. • No deformity: Simple mass excision. • Epiphyses asymmetry by the mass: Resection combined with osteotomies. Surgery should be performed by excision of the mass and correction of any deformity, preserving the integrity of the affected joint as much as possible. Cf. total knee arthroplasty