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The Effect of Temperature on Osmosis in Potato Tissue

Plan for Investigation: The Effect of Temperature on Osmosis in Potato Tissue Objective: To investigate how different temperatures affect the rate of osmosis in potato tissue. Hypothesis: Increasing the temperature will increase the rate of osmosis in potato tissue, leading to a greater change in mass. Variables: Independent Variable: Temperature of the water baths (°C). Dependent Variable: Percentage change in mass of the potato cylinders (%). Controlled Variables: Type and source of plant tissue (e.g., cylinders from the same potato). Initial size/dimensions and approximate mass of potato cylinders. Concentration of the external solution (e.g., distilled water, or a specific sucrose solution if investigating water loss). For this plan, we’ll use distilled water to observe water uptake. Volume of distilled water in each beaker (e.g., 50 ml). Duration of immersion in the distilled water (e.g., 30 minutes). Method of drying potato cylinders (e.g., gentle blotting with paper towels). Materials and Equipment: A large potato Cork borer (e.g., size 5 or 6) Scalpel or sharp knife Ruler White tile (for cutting) Electronic balance (accurate to at least 0.01 g) Beakers (e.g., 100 ml capacity, at least 15) Water baths (at least 5, or containers to create different temperature environments e.g., ice bath, room temperature, warm water bath) Thermometers (to monitor water bath temperatures) Stopwatch Distilled water Paper towels Labels and a permanent marker Method: (a) Preparation of Potato Cylinders: Use a cork borer to cut at least 15 cylinders from the same potato. Using a scalpel and ruler on a white tile, trim all cylinders to the same length (e.g., 3 cm). Remove any skin. This helps ensure a similar surface area to volume ratio. (b) Setting up Temperature Conditions: Prepare five water baths at different temperatures. Suggested temperatures: 5°C (ice bath), 15°C, 25°C (room temperature), 35°C, and 45°C. Use thermometers to ensure the water baths are maintained at the desired temperatures. Pour 50 ml of distilled water into each of the 15 beakers. Place three beakers into each of the five water baths and allow them to equilibrate to the bath temperature.