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Homepage: EMNote.org ■ 🚩Membership: https://tinyurl.com/joinemnote 🚩ACLS Lecture: https://tinyurl.com/emnoteacls High-Flow Nasal Cannula (HFNC) HFNC delivers heated and humidified oxygen. Flow rates range from 30 to 60 liters per minute. Non-invasive respiratory support method. Mechanisms of Action PEEP Effect: Provides mild PEEP to improve oxygenation. CO2 Washout: Facilitates clearance of CO2 from dead space. Matching Flow: Matches patient’s inspiratory demands for comfort. Indications for HFNC Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure: Useful in pneumonia and ARDS. COPD Exacerbations: Improves oxygenation and reduces CO2. Post-Extubation Support: Prevents re-intubation risk. Pediatric Applications: Effective for viral infections and bronchiolitis. Contraindications Severe upper airway obstruction. Inability to tolerate nasal cannula. Need for immediate intubation. Clinical Considerations Patient Selection: Assess clinical status for HFNC appropriateness. Monitoring: Continuous monitoring of vital signs and SpO2. FiO2 Titration: Start high and adjust based on patient response. Humidification: Always deliver heated and humidified oxygen. Weaning Protocol Gradually reduce flow rates and FiO2. Monitor for stable oxygen saturation. Assess overall clinical improvement for weaning readiness. Complications and Management Nasal Discomfort: Use topical moisturizers for irritation. Gastric Distension: Monitor for discomfort; adjust flow if needed. Hypoxia/Hypercapnia: Regularly assess ABGs or capnography. Evidence-Based Practice HFNC is effective in various clinical settings. Studies show it may reduce intubation needs. Systematic reviews support its use in acute respiratory failure. Summary HFNC is a valuable tool in respiratory management. Enhances oxygenation and patient comfort. Essential knowledge for healthcare professionals.