"Die Wacht am Rhein" [German Patriotic Anthem] скачать в хорошем качестве

"Die Wacht am Rhein" [German Patriotic Anthem]

English: "Die Wacht am Rhein" is a German song and patriotic anthem. The song's origins are rooted in the historical French–German enmity, and it was particularly popular in Germany during the Franco-Prussian War and the First World War. The original poem was written by Max Schneckenburger in 1840, and is generally sung to music written by Karl Wilhelm in 1854, seven years after Schneckenburger's death. Repeated French efforts to annex the Left Bank of the Rhine began with the devastating wars of King Louis XIV. French forces carried out massive scorched earth campaigns in the German south-west. This policy was fully implemented during the Napoleonic Wars with the creation of the Confederation of the Rhine in 1806–1813. In the two centuries from the Thirty Years' War to the final defeat of Napoleon I, the German inhabitants of lands by the Rhine suffered from repeated French invasions. The defeat and exile of Napoleon gave the Germans some respite, but during the Rhine Crisis of 1840, French prime minister Adolphe Thiers advanced the claim that the Upper and Middle Rhine River should serve as his country's "natural eastern border". The member states of the German Confederation feared that France was resuming her annexationist designs. Nikolaus Becker responded to these events by writing a poem called "Rheinlied" in which he swore to defend the Rhine. The Swabianmerchant Max Schneckenburger, inspired by the German praise and French opposition this received, then wrote the poem "Die Wacht am Rhein". In the poem, with five original stanzas, a "thunderous call" is made for all Germans to rush and defend the German Rhine, to ensure that "no enemy sets his foot on the shore of the Rhine" (4th stanza). Two stanzas with a more specific text were added by others later. Unlike the older "Heil dir im Siegerkranz" which praised a monarch, "Die Wacht am Rhein" and other songs written in this period, such as the "Deutschlandlied" (the third verse of which is Germany's current national anthem) and "Was ist des Deutschen Vaterland?" (What is the German's Fatherland?) by Ernst Moritz Arndt, called for Germans to unite, to put aside sectionalism, sectarianism, and the rivalries of the various German kingdoms and principalities, to establish a unified German state and defend Germany's territorial integrity. Schneckenburger worked in Restoration Switzerland, and his poem was first set to music in Bern by Swiss organist J. Mendel, and performed by tenor Adolph Methfessel for the Prussian ambassador, von Bunsen. This first version did not become very popular. When Karl Wilhelm, musical director of the city of Krefeld, received the poem in 1854, he produced a musical setting and performed it with his men's chorus on 11 June, the day of the silver anniversary of the marriage of Prinz Wilhelm von Preussen, later German Emperor Wilhelm I. This version gained popularity at later Sängerfest events. Deutsch: Die Wacht am Rhein ist ein patriotisches Lied, welches im Deutschen Kaiserreich ab 1871 neben Heil dir im Siegerkranz die Funktion einer inoffiziellen Nationalhymne hatte. Der Text wurde 1840 während der Rheinkrise von Max Schneckenburger verfasst. Erst mit der im März 1854 von Carl Wilhelm komponierten Vertonung und prominenten Aufführung bei der Silberhochzeit des späteren Kaisers Wilhelm I. gewann es an Popularität, die sich 1870/71 noch steigerte. Bereits vor 1900 wurde es vielfach parodiert. Wiedergegeben wird die Fassung aus dem „schmalen, aber prächtigen Band“ Die Wacht am Rhein, das deutsche Volks- und Soldatenlied des Jahres 1870. Sie weicht von den Autografen des Textdichters in mehreren Punkten ab, teilweise als Ergebnis von Texteingriffen der Komponisten. In der Erstveröffentlichung der Komposition von Carl Wilhelm 1854 finden sich mehrere Texteingriffe durch den Redakteur Wilhelm Greef, so strich er die Strophe 4 ganz und änderte einige Formulierungen. Die Greef’sche Fassung war ebenfalls weit verbreitet, sie war unter anderem Vorlage für den Text auf dem Niederwalddenkmal.