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Invasive Flowers

Invasive Flowers 1. Multiflora Rose After all of the effort gardeners spend trying to get finicky roses to bloom and shrug off pests and diseases, an aggressive grower like Rosa multiflora seems almost welcome. However, this Asian import, which arrived in the United States in 1866 as a root stock for ornamental roses, can now be found in large thickets in all types of habitats, from wetlands to prairies. These dense growths exclude all kinds of native plants, and disrupt the ecosystem by denying birds a place to nest. A single plant can produce one million seeds, which can retain the ability to sprout for 20 years. If you're looking for a hardy, low maintenance rose, plant a rose from the 'Knock Out,' 'Drift,' or 'Carefree' series. These will bloom all season with little more than an annual pruning. 2. Japanese Honeysuckle As an 1806 introduction, Japanese honeysuckle seemed like a good idea, as it was ornamental and provided erosion control. Now the plant is considered an invasive across the eastern United States. The aggressive vines form smothering mats in natural areas, and can even girdle young trees. The native coral honeysuckle, Lonicera sempervirens, is a pretty substitute. 3. Chinese Wisteria Weedy, destructive, and... available at your local nursery? Unfortunately, this 1916 import is still found at garden centers everywhere. Wisteria sinensis is a literal snake in the grass when it comes to forests, as the vines kill native trees by slowing strangling them, causing even mature trees to topple from girdling. This creates openings in the forest canopy that allows the invasive wisteria to proliferate even further. Instead of Chinese wisteria, choose the native and equally lovely Wisteria frutescens. It has a less aggressive growth habit, with a mature height more suitable to gardens than the massive Asian counterpart. 4. Largeleaf Lantana The colorful lantana plant is popular in many gardens due to its brilliant flowers, ease of cultivation, and allure to butterflies. However, in warm climates like Florida where the shrub acts as a perennial, this ornamental is regulated as a pest plant. Lantana camara is insidious in that it vigorously displaces the already threatened native species, including L. canescens and L. depressa. An alternative plant that is even more attractive to butterflies is the native butterfly weed, Asclepias tuberosa. 5. Purple Loosestrife It's easy to see why a showy plant with an abundance of magenta wands is still in cultivation, available in many states where regulations haven't prohibited its sale. Gardeners would be wise to follow the lead of Minnesota and Illinois, which won't allow the sale or distribution of this invasive wetland plant. In marshes, along river banks, and even in ditches, this plant forms dense stands that provide no value to wildlife. Native beauties with a similar appearance include liatris for dry areas, and red cardinal flower for moist gardens.