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EP. 5 | WHAT CAUSES DYSTONIA? | Dr B Bergmans | DDays 2018

In this video Dr. Bruno Bergmans talks about what causes dystonia. Unfortunately in many patients we don’t know what is the cause of their dystonia. In that case, we label the dystonia as “idiopathic”. In rare instances the cause of the dystonia can be a genetic mutation. Scientific advances make that more and more dystonia genes are known. Three genes are more common. DYT1 which typically causes a childhood-onset torsion dystonia, but the phenotypic spectrum is wide. DYT6 is another dystonia gene that is more encountered in the adult population. DYT11 or mutations in the epsilon-sarcoglycan gene are the typical cause of myoclonus-dystonia, a rare form of familial dystonia presenting with a mixture of myoclonic and dystonic features. The exact function of many dystonia genes is unknown, but increasing scientific insights are clarifying step by step bits and pieces of the story. A wide spectrum of neurological diseases can be associated with dystonia/dystonic features, either caused by the disease itself, or by a side- effect of medication (like dystonic dyskinesias in Parkinson’s disease patients). Quite commonly, dystonia can be a side-effect of specific medication intake. Neuroleptics typically can cause dystonia, either acute or after a delay. When the dystonia only occurs, some time (and this can be many years). After the initiation of the treatment with the neuroleptic, we call it a tardive dystonia. These dystonias can be very troublesome. they can affect different body parts. A specific subset of dystonias (task-specific dystonias, dystonias that only occur when the patient undertakes a specific task, like writing, playing a musical instrument,...) is thought to arise from a disturbance in sensory mechanisms. s o c i a l m e d i a: FACEBOOK | www.facebook.com/dystonia.europe/ INSTAGRAM | @dystoniaeurope TWITTER | @dystoniaeurope WEBSITE | www.dystonia-europe.org RELEVANT POST | http://bit.ly/abstractbookddays2018 LATEST POST | http://bit.ly/Norway25Years i n q u i r i e s: [email protected]