Golgi Apparatus structure and function | Complete Concept | Peak Lectures скачать в хорошем качестве

Golgi Apparatus structure and function | Complete Concept | Peak Lectures

Discovery of Golgi Apparatus: The organelle was first discovered by Camillo Golgi in 1898. Definition of Golgi Apparatus: Golgi apparatus are stacked with flattened sacs of membranes present in the cytoplasm of cells. Main Points Golgi Apparatus: • They are bounded by a single membrane. The membrane is called Cisternae. • They are only present in eukaryotic cells became membrane-bounded organelles are absent in prokaryotic cells. • The organelle is present both in plant and animal cells. Composition of Golgi Apparatus: It is made up of proteins and lipids. Structure of Golgi apparatus: There are two main faces of the Golgi apparatus. One facing toward the nucleus of the cell, which is called the Cis face (Proximal face/Forming face). The other side of the Golgi apparatus is facing toward the cell membrane which is known as the Trans face (Distal face/Maturing face). Trick to remember: You remember one word, which is "For ProCis" For= Forming face, Pro= Proximal face, Cis= Cis face. This one word will give you a clue about these three words). Here a question arises whether Endoplasmic Reticulum and Golgi apparatus are both single membrane-bounded and both membranes are known as Cisternae. Why? Answer: The Endoplasmic Reticulum is a factory of protein. When protein is synthesized here, it should go under some modification to change it into final products. For this process, Endoplasmic Reticulum packs the protein in the form of vesicles and sends it to the Golgi apparatus for further processes. The vesicles that come from Endoplasmic Reticulum known as incoming transport vesicles touch the Golgi apparatus and leave the immature protein on the Golgi apparatus and the membrane of vesicles increases the surface area of the Golgi apparatus. Here the membrane of the Golgi apparatus is formed by the membrane of the Endoplasmic Reticulum, that's why both are called Cisternae. Differences between Golgi body, Golgi: apparatus, Dictyosomes and Golgi complex : √ Golgi body: Single Cisternae is called Golgi body. √ Golgi apparatus: Stacks (group) of Cisternae are called Golgi apparatus. √ Dictyosomes: Stacks (groups) of Cisternae in plant cells are called Dictyosomes. √ Golgi complex: Stacks (groups) of Cisternae with associated vesicles is called Golgi complex. Functions of Golgi apparatus Golgi apparatus performs the following functions: 1. Packaging of products (protein) 2. Modifications of Products 3. Transport of products Proteins are major components of cells that are prepared in the Endoplasmic Reticulum. Convert the protein into a final product, this is done by the Golgi apparatus. The immature protein is packed by Endoplasmic Reticulum into a membrane as vesicles and transported to Golgi Bodies, which modify it into a final product and again packs it as vesicles and then released to cells where required. Further explanation with an example Consider a shoe factory. The factory will have a separate room where machinery is set which prepares the shoes. After formation, it will be sent to another room by vehicle. In this room, labeling, packing, and polishing of shoes occur and now the shoes are able for sale and use. Just like this Suppose the cell is a factory. The first room is the Endoplasmic Reticulum where machinery (Ribosome) is located which helps in protein synthesis. The protein is transported as vesicles to another room, the Golgi apparatus, where packing, and modifications take place and now the protein is converted into final products and ready to use. 👉 Cell Structure and Function Complete Chapter: https://bit.ly/40Ubc4l 👉 Tricks and Mnemonics: https://bit.ly/43yzser #golgiapparatus J Biology - Instructor Jawad Ahmad