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Pini Mara Tree (Samanea saman)

Mara/Pini Mara/Para Mara/Rain tree/ Rain Tree, False Powder Puff, Monkey Pod (Albizia saman [Syn: Samanea saman. An introduced tree native to the South America. Rain tree was introduced to Sri Lanka in 1851 and since then widely planted as an avenue tree along many roads. Its leaves and pods are used as fodder and wood can be used to make furniture. S. saman is a medium-sized or large tree of potentially great size, often reaching 25-30 m tall, occasionally 45 m, with a short stout bole to 2-3 m dbh and a wide, low, spreading crown, often twice as wide as the tree is high. It is a stately tree, with heavy, nearly horizontal branches and an umbrella-shaped crown. One notable old S. saman tree near Government House in Trinidad was recorded to shade approximately a hectare, and reach 50 m in height, a stem 2.6 m in diameter, with a crown diameter of 60 m (Allen and Allen, 1981; Raintree, 1987). The bark is grey-brown, rough and furrowed into ridges. A full botanical description is provided by Barneby and Grimes (1996). Leaves are large, 6-25 mm long x 3-8 cm wide, bipinnate, with 3-6 pairs of pinnae per leaf, 6-9 pairs of leaflets per pinna and large leaflets, 24-62 mm long x 10-25 mm wide. Leaflets are unequal in size, becoming larger towards the distal end of the pinnae. The new growth and leaf rachis are covered in short, velvety, tawny pubescence. The leaflets are rhombic-oblong or elliptic in shape, unequal at the base, dark olive-green, glabrous and slightly glossy above, dull grey-green and hairy below. The flowers are arranged in loose umbelliform heads, which develop in groups of 2-5 in the axils of leaves on actively growing shoots. The terminal or central flower on each head is sessile and enlarged compared to the peripheral flowers. The exposed and conspicuous stamen filaments are bright or pale pink and showy. The fruits are broadly linear, compressed pods, 10-22 cm long x 1.5-2.2 cm wide x 0.5-1 cm thick. They are green and fleshy when unripe, and turn dark blackish-brown when ripe. The thick mesocarp is filled with dry pitch-like, sweet, nutritious pulp. The pods are indehiscent and contain 5-10 mature seeds, 8-11.5 mm long x 5-7.5 mm wide. Botanical Name :- Samanea saman Family name:FABACEAE English Name:-Rain tree Local name:- Pini mara Tamil name:- Amaivagai SanskritName:- Status:- Under cultivation Edible parts:-None Distribution:- Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, Christmas Island, Hong Kong, India, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Indonesia, Sumatra, Malaysia,Maldives, Myanmar, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Vietnam, Africa, North America , Caribbean. Ayurvedic usag;- Treatment for:-Headache, Acute bacillary dysentery, Stomach ache, Enteritis, Anaphylactic dermatitis, Diarrhoea, Eczemas, Colds, Skin pruritus ,Sore throat. Parts used to make medicine:- Entire plant Propagation:-Seeds.