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The Presentation Software Wars: How Microsoft PowerPoint Beat Lotus & Harvard Graphics

While spreadsheets and word processors were well on their way to revolutionizing homes and businesses everywhere, a third software category was about to fundamentally reshape the operations of corporate America. Our story begins with an MIT Business professor who came up with a software product called Execuvision. The Two software products called Harvard Graphics and Lotus Freelance Software would only spend a short time at the helm of the presentation software market as they would be wiped by the emergence of Microsoft Powerpoint a product that almost never was because of Bill Gates's initial opposition but thankfully for Bill Gates and Microsoft Powerpoint ultimately crushed all its competitors and ended up commanding 60% of the modern presentation software market on the back of some shrewd and questionable business tactics by Microsoft. An MIT Sloan School Professor by the name of Hoo-Min Toong identified this problem in an article called “A New Direction in Personal Computer Software.” He envisioned a software that could create sophisticated slideshows, filled with images, charts, and graphs, that could be run on the newly popular IBM PCs. It was called ExecuVison created by Visual Communication Network or VCN for short; it became the very first presentation software for microcomputers ever created. ExecuVision, which ran on the IBM PC, cost $400 but also required libraries of images and icons, that came separately at $90 on a floppy disk The cost savings it brought to businesses and corporate America at large were huge. While other presentation software products made by computer vendors for their own systems like Cromemco or independent software publishers like Screen Director were available. And it worked—ExecuVision was used by Fortune 500 companies, government agencies, and educational institutions. The Rise of The Lotus and Harvard Graphics The decline in ExecuVsions’s dominance left the business presentation software market wide open for competitors IBM Storyboard, Lotus Freelance Graphics, Harvard Graphics, and about a dozen other business presentation software programs. They were all engaged in a fierce battle in which Harvard Graphics and Lotus Freelance Graphics emerged as market leaders. Harvard Graphics was a business presentation software that was created by Software Publishing Corporation a company founded in 1980, in Mountain View, California. SPC was initially focused on developing business software that could take advantage of the growing personal computer market. Harvard Graphics was born out of this vision. Harvard Graphics was developed as a software tool to help business professionals easily create charts, graphs, and presentations. The software was first released in 1986, and it was designed to run on IBM PCs and compatibles. Harvard Graphics also supported multiple file formats, making it versatile for different types of projects. Harvard Graphics shared its market leader position with Lotus Freelance Graphics. The story of Lotus Freelance Graphics begins with Lotus Development Corporation, a software company founded in 1982 by Mitch Kapor and Jonathan Sachs not too far from where Execuvison was created in fact they were both founded on the MIT campus. Lotus became famous for its first product, Lotus 1-2-3, a groundbreaking spreadsheet application that became a must-have tool for businesses and helped popularize the IBM PC .The Inception Of Microsoft PowerPoint Unlike many of its products, the story of PowerPoint Does not start with Microsoft. But by a group of former Apple employees, in the early 80s following the success of the Apple II Steve Jobs began a huge push within Apple to create a graphical user interface based personal computer, this followed a visit he had at Xerox PARC where he saw the Xerox Alto a GUI based computer that looked straight out of the future, Immediately upon seeing it he knew that this is how computers were going to look like in the future, so he poached a few Xerox PARC employees and poached various talented Apple engineers from other departments within Apple and embarked on an effort to build an Apple GUI based computer. Steve Jobs switched all focus within Apple from building upon the success of the Apple 2 to building a completely new pc from the ground up. When PowerPoint 2.0 launched on Windows, it brought sales up to about 200,000 copies in 1990 and to about 375,000 copies. Microsoft's strategy to focus Powerpoint development efforts solely on creating a Windows version for the software proved to be a masterstroke, powerpoint was used as a powerful tool to demonstrate just how powerful and useful Windows graphical user interface was, so as Widows sales exploded so too did the sales of Powerpoint. in 1991, with Windows units outselling Macintosh.PowerPoint sold about 1 million copies in 1992,. 00:00 Intro 01:51 The Rise & Fall Of ExecuVision 07:32 The Rise of Powerpoint 13:28 The Fall of Harvard Graphics & Lotus Graphics