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EXAMINATION OF THE ABDOMEN

Abdominal examination is an essential part of all routine physical examinations and a key step in the evaluation of any abdominal pathology. After taking a thorough history, a detailed physical examination is mandatory if no time constraints are present. Even in emergencies, a brief abdominal examination can help decide further management. A well-performed abdominal examination can give multiple clues to the final diagnosis and may greatly decrease the need for unnecessary laboratory and radiological investigations. In situations where the diagnosis is unclear, a detailed abdominal examination can help narrow down the diagnosis and help order focused investigations. This helps decrease the physician’s time, energy, and resources and subjects the patient to decreased mental stress and hospital costs.