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Cardiac Muscle Physiology

Master Cardiac Muscle Physiology with Dr. Faiza Dive into the structure, electrical behavior, and mechanics of cardiac muscle. This session unpacks histology (intercalated discs, gap junctions, desmosomes), ventricular action potential phases with the hallmark plateau, the long refractory period and its safety implications, and excitation–contraction coupling via calcium-induced calcium release (CICR). We’ll connect these to contractility (inotropy), Bowditch staircase, post-extrasystolic potentiation, and the Frank–Starling mechanism—tying cellular physiology to clinical insights. 🎓 Learning Objectives: • Explain the ionic and mechanical basis of the cardiac action potential and plateau. • Describe CICR and the roles of L-type channels, ryanodine receptors, SERCA, and NCX. • Differentiate absolute vs relative refractory periods and their arrhythmic implications. • Apply Frank–Starling and inotropy concepts to predict changes in stroke volume and cardiac output. 💡 Clinical Relevance: • Interpret ANP/BNP in heart failure and volume overload. • Predict drug and electrolyte effects on contractility (digitalis, catecholamines, Ca²⁺ handling). • Recognize how refractory periods protect the heart from tetany and relate to ectopic beats. 📚 Learning Resources: Phone: +92 310 7990649 Email: [email protected] Website: https://www.medicoseacademics.com/ Facebook:   / medicoseacademics   Instagram:   / medicoseacademics   YouTube:    / @medicoseacademics   My personal stamp: Dr. Faiza | Medicose Academics Dr. Faiza Assistant Professor of Physiology MBBS (AIMC, lahore, Best Graduate) FCPS (Physiology) CHPE (Certificate in Health Professional Education) DHPE (Diploma in Health Professional Education) DHPE (Masters in Health Professional Education) MBA (Masters of Business Administration) MPH (Masters of Public Health) LinkedIn:   / faizaikram   Tags: Cardiac Muscle Physiology, Cardiac Action Potential, Phases 0-4, Plateau Phase, Refractory Period, Intercalated Discs, Gap Junctions, Desmosomes, Excitation Contraction Coupling, Calcium Induced Calcium Release, L-type Calcium Channels, Ryanodine Receptors, SERCA, Sodium Calcium Exchanger, Frank Starling Mechanism, Length Tension Relationship, Inotropy, Bowditch Staircase, Post-Extrasystolic Potentiation, Cardiac Hypertrophy