Impact of UV radiation on health: causes, risks and skincancer prevention-Ivet Martos, Mariam Chaibi скачать в хорошем качестве

Impact of UV radiation on health: causes, risks and skincancer prevention-Ivet Martos, Mariam Chaibi

RELEVANCIA DEL TEMA UV radiation has a huge impact on human health, so it’s important to understand how it affects us. While sunlight is necessary for things like making vitamin D, too much exposure is the main cause of preventable skin cancers, including melanoma, the deadliest type. Even moderate amounts of UV radiation can increase the risk of cataracts, other eye problems, and early aging of the skin. With factors like the thinning ozone layer and changes in how people spend time outdoors, UV exposure has increased worldwide. To lower these risks and improve health, we need to raise awareness and take steps to protect ourselves. ABSTRACT Ultraviolet (UV) radiation, including UVA and UVB rays, has contrasting effects on human health. Although crucial for the synthesis of vitamin D, excessive exposure to sunlight has resulted in a worldwide increase in cases of skin cancer, a serious public health problem. The UVA (320-400 nm) penetrates deep into the dermis, causing various forms of photodamage like wrinkles and age spots through indirect DNA damage, which can lead to skin cancer over years of exposure. Increased UVB radiation (280-320 nm) mainly targets the epidermis layer, resulting in sunburns and direct DNA damage, potentially leading to mutations in skin cells. This cumulative exposure to UV light is the major risk factor for basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma, the most aggressive and dangerous form of skin cancer. In Spain, the incidence of melanoma has seen a significant increase over the past decades. Between 1969 and 1992, the incidence rate in men rose from 0.3 to 3 cases per 100,000 inhabitants, and in women from 0.2 to 3.8 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. This represents more than a tenfold increase in just over 20 years. Factors contributing to the increase in the number of skin cancers include changes in lifestyle habits, such as enhanced outdoor activity without appropriate protection and artificial tanning devices. Plus, the thinning ozone layer has let through more UV radiation to reach Earth's surface, increasing the risks of exposure. UV rays are damaging to eye health as well, leading to cataracts and other vision problems. Because the harmful effects of UV radiation are preventable, protective measures, including frequent sunscreen use, wearing protective clothing, and steering clear of the hours of maximal sun intensity, are essential. On the other hand, public education and awareness campaigns are very important for the initial detection of melanomas and other skin cancers, which significantly improve treatment outcomes. Global action to protect and restore the ozone layer is key to limiting future UV exposure. By prioritizing preventive strategies and fostering awareness, we can mitigate the growing burden of UV radiation-related health issues and ensure better health outcomes for populations worldwide. BIBLIOGRAFÍA Alexander, H. (2019, 19 junio). What’s the difference between UVA and UVB rays? MD Anderson Cancer Center. https://www.mdanderson.org/publicatio... The Skin Cancer Foundation. (2024, 20 septiembre). UV radiation - the skin cancer foundation. https://www.skincancer.org/risk-facto... What’s the Dif erence Between UVA and UVB Rays? (2023, 24 julio). WebMD. https://www.webmd.com/melanoma-skin-c... What Causes Skin Cancer: Risk Factors Other Than Sun or UV Rays. (s. f.). City Of Hope. https://www.cancercenter.com/cancer-t...