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https://youtube.com/live/U2XS3eTVkvQ?... Ephemeral Fever in Cattle Aetiology: Ephemeral fever, also known as bovine ephemeral fever or three-day sickness, is an acute febrile illness in cattle caused by the Ephemeral fever virus (EFV), a member of the Rhabdoviridae family. The disease is vector-borne, primarily transmitted by various species of biting insects, such as mosquitoes (Aedes and Culex species) and Culicoides midges. Clinical Diagnosis: Diagnosis of ephemeral fever in cattle is based on clinical signs, epidemiological factors, and laboratory testing. The key steps in the clinical diagnosis include: History and Clinical Signs: Sudden onset of symptoms in multiple animals, often after a period of heavy rainfall or increased insect activity, suggesting vector involvement. Physical Examination: Identification of characteristic clinical signs such as fever, lameness, muscle stiffness, and reluctance to move. Laboratory Testing: Serology: Detection of antibodies against the EFV using tests like ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) or virus neutralization tests. PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction): Detection of viral RNA in blood samples. Virus Isolation: Culturing the virus from blood samples, although this is less commonly performed due to the availability of PCR. Symptoms: The clinical course of ephemeral fever typically spans three days, leading to its common name, "three-day sickness." Symptoms include: Acute Phase (1-3 Days): High Fever: Body temperature can rise to 40-42°C (104-107.6°F). Lethargy and Depression: Affected cattle appear dull and lethargic. Anorexia: Loss of appetite. Lameness and Stiffness: Especially in the limbs, causing reluctance to move. Muscle Tremors and Shivering: Due to muscle pain and inflammation. Ocular and Nasal Discharge: Watery discharge from the eyes and nose. Excessive Salivation: Due to mouth pain and difficulty swallowing. Bloating: From reduced rumen motility. Recovery Phase: Rapid Improvement: Most cattle recover quickly after the acute phase, often within three days. Residual Lameness: In some cases, lameness or stiffness may persist for a few more days. Treatment: Treatment is largely supportive, as the disease is self-limiting. Key components of the treatment plan include: Anti-inflammatory Medications: Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs): To reduce fever and alleviate pain (e.g., flunixin meglumine, meloxicam). Corticosteroids: May be used in severe cases for their anti-inflammatory effects. Supportive Care: Hydration: Ensuring adequate water intake to prevent dehydration. Nutritional Support: Providing easy-to-digest, high-energy feed to support recovery. Rest: Minimizing movement to reduce muscle strain and pain. Antibiotics: While not effective against the virus, antibiotics may be used to prevent or treat secondary bacterial infections. Environmental Management: Insect Control: Reducing exposure to biting insects through the use of insecticides, repellents, and environmental management (e.g., eliminating standing water). Shelter: Providing shade and shelter to reduce stress and exposure to vectors. #Ephemeral fever in cattle #Three day sickness #Langda bukhar ka ilaj #गाय में लंगड़ा बुखार का इलाज #Pneumonia treatment cattle #pneumonia #Peritonitis and arthritis in cattle #Eph diagnosis and treatment in hindi #bovine ephemeral fever in india #viral fever causes #Dr shankar vet virtual classes #Veterinary Treatment #Animal disease and treatment #veterinary professionals #three day fever in cattle