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Five Lessons Musonius Rufus

If you're new, Subscribe! → https://bit.ly/2GkAPHx Stoicism is an ancient philosophy that prospered in the Greek and Roman times. It was one of the most inspiring philosophies in the record of Western civilization. This school of thought was adopted and practiced by many famous personalities who were in the pursuit of a good life. It is believed to be a tool which can be the means to attain perseverance, wisdom and tranquility of mind. Gaius Musonius Rufus believed that philosophy was the most useful thing. His philosophical teachings earned him a lot of respect and a considerable amount of following. According to the Stoic teaching, philosophy motivates and influences us in such a way that neither life, nor wealth nor pleasure is good and neither death, poverty nor pain is an evil. A few, clear and practical arguments are enough to orient the listeners and persuade them as compared to many arguments. 1. Food: Musonius emphasized on teachings associated with daily practices one of which was eating. he valued the advice given by Socrates that we should eat to live rather than living to eat. He believed that whatever one’s eat becomes a part of him and has its significant consequences. Mastering one’s appetite led to basis for self-control and discipline which is a vital virtue. He taught that the purpose of food was not to attain pleasure from it but to sustain a healthy lifestyle. Its aim is to nourish our body and mind and provide it with sufficient strength. We get energy from food when we are digesting it so the main purpose lies in its digestion not consumption. Most people make a fuss about what they eat, how it should be obtained, prepared and presented to them. Craving Gourmet cuisines shows a lack of moderation and is considered to be shameful according to the teachings of Musonius. 2. Women and Equal education: Musonius countered that women have been given the same power of reasoning as men. It is that power of reasoning which allows them to differentiate between good and evil. They have also the same senses and equal parts of body that are of a man. Therefore, must have an equal desire for virtue. A woman should also be able to practice all the attributes of a self-controlled man. Musonius believed that she should make herself free from all sexual improprieties and exercise self-control over all other pleasures. She should be able to have control over her anger, should not be overcome by grief and must be stronger than every other emotion. These are the character traits of any person having virtue whether it’s a female or male. 3. Home/shelter: According to Musonius, our dwellings should provide us with what is expected from caves, like they should be able to protect us and store our food the way a cave did in ancient times. They should be able to keep out the cold and excessive heat or protect us from any harsh seasonal changes. They should be able to protect us from the elements. All extravagant furnishings and decorations are highly unnecessary and serve no purpose. 4. Bearing the weather: Musonius teachings revolved around practical things in life. primarily how to live our life and not to be upset over things and people who are not in our control. For example, the weather. Some people avoid or even fear harsh weather conditions and go to extreme measures for protection against such climate. However, Musonius taught that instead of being weak we should embrace and experience the cold and heat. If one is not sick or ill, then experiencing a little cold in winter and a little sun during summer will add pleasure to life. 5. Viaticum for old age: The best viaticum for old age is to live by method and in accord with nature. Man was not solely created just to attain pleasure from worldly things but his main aim was to lead his life according to nature. If his actions manifest the excellence peculiar to its own nature, then he would be living true to his nature that is virtue. If he lives by his true nature, in his old age he would not complain about the loss of youthful years, fret at the weakness of his body because he would have a good and reliable antidote for all these things in his mind, namely his past training. In general, of all creatures on Earth, man is the only one who’s characteristics resemble to God’s. therefore, he also has the same virtue. #5LessonsFromMusoniusRufus #MusoniusRufus #Stoicism