Complete Tutorial on Computer Systems Made Easy by Computer Education for all (Beginners to Advance) скачать в хорошем качестве

Complete Tutorial on Computer Systems Made Easy by Computer Education for all (Beginners to Advance)

Welcome to Computer Education for All, this video tutorial covers a Complete Tutorial on Computer Systems for Class 9th Federal Board Computer Science Subject Unit No. 1 Introduction COMPUTER SYSTEMS 1.1 Brief History of Computer Systems and Generation Computers 1.1.1 Early Computing Devices Abacus Napier's Bone PASCALINE STEPPED RECKONER OR LEIBNIZ WHEEL Difference Engine Analytical Engine Tabulating Machine Differential Analyzer Mark I 1.1.2 Computer Generations First Generation Computers (1940-1956) Second Generation Computers (1956-1963) Third Generation Computers (1963 - 1971) Fourth Generation Computers (1971-Present) Fifth Generation Computers (Present to Beyond) 1.2 Understanding Systems and their Types What is a System? 1.2.1 Natural and Artificial Systems Databases Software Applications Transportation Systems Core Components of a Computer System Input Devices Keyboard POINT TO PONDER: Mouse Microphone Scanner Barcode Reader Digital Camera Touch Screen 1.3.2 System Unit Motherboard Microprocessor 1.3.3 Storage Devices Hard Disk Compact Disk (CD) Memory Card USB Flash Drive 1.3.4 Output Devices Monitor Printer Impact printer FOR YOUR INFORMATION: The first high-speed printer was developed in 1953 by Remington Rand (an early American business machines Non-Impact printer Plotter Speaker 1.3.5 Ports, Expansion Slots and Expansion Cards Ports 1.4 Von Neumann Architecture Fig. 1.32 Von Neumann architecture Central Processing Unit (CPU) Registers MAR MDR AC PC CIR Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU) Control Unit (CU) Buses processor Data Bus Memory Unit Input/Output (1/0) Controller Bus Architecture Data Bus Data Paths Registers Memory Hierarchy Pipeline Processing 1.6 Types and Hierarchy of Computer Memory 1.6.1 Memory Terminology Byte Terabyte (TB) Exabyte (EB) Memory Word MEMORY UNIT EQUIVALENT TO 1 Bit 1 Bit 1 Nibble 4 Bits 1 Byte 8 Bits 1 Kilobyte 1024 Bytes 1 Megabyte 1, 024 Kilobytes 1 Gigabyte 1, 024 Megabytes 1 Terabyte 1, 024 Gigabytes 1 Petabyte 1, 024 Terabytes 1 Exabyte 1, 024 Petabytes 1 Zettabyte 1, 024 Exabytes 1 Yottabyte 1, 024 Zettabytes Word Size: Magnetic Memory DO YOU KNOW? Magnetic disk Read/Write Head Fig. 1.39 Magnetic disk with read/write Optical Memory Fig.1.40 Optical Memory technology 1.6.3 Main Memory ROM (Read Only Memory) Fig.1.41 ROM chip RAM (Random Access Memory) Cache Memory Fig.1.43 L1, L2 and L3 Cache Memories 1.6.4 Volatile and Non-Volatile Memory Memory, on the divided into two types: . volatile and non-volatile memory. Volatile memory Non-Volatile memory 1.7 Computer Software Computer software can be classified into the following types. • System Software • Application Software 1.7.1 System Software Operating System (OS): Device Drivers: Utilities: Compiler and Assembler: High-level Program Compiler Low-level Program Linkers and Loaders: Firmware: 1.7.2 Application Software Some examples of application software are: • Productivity Software • Business Software • Entertainment Software • Educational Software Productivity Software 1.1.1 Programming Languages Low Level Languages High-Level Languages (HLLS) Procedural and Structured Languages Repetition (loops): Object-Oriented Programming Languages Uses of Low-Level Languages Uses of High-Level Languages Data Communication Network Communication Components Sender Message Medium Protocol Receiver Protocol Modes of Network Communication Simplex, Half-duplex and Full-duplex Synchronous and Asynchronous Full-duplex mode Asynchronous Transmission Synchronous Transmission Communication Devices Hub Switch Router Gateway Network Architecture Client/Server Network Peer-to-Peer Network Peer-to-Peer Networks Types of Networks Local Area Networks Characteristics of LAN: Wide Area Networks Characteristics of WAN: Virtual Private Network Network Topologies Features of Ring Topology OSI Model The seven layers of OSI model are described below. Layer 7-Application Layer Layer 6 - Presentation Layer Layer 5 - Session Layer Layer 4 - Transport Layer Layer 3 - Network Layer Layer 2 - Data Link Layer Layer 1 - Physical Layer Data Communication Protocols • TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol): Used for internet communication and provides reliable, connection-oriented data transfer. • HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol): Used for transferring web pages and related data on the World Wide Web. • FTP (File Transfer Protocol): Used for transferring files between computers on a network. • SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol): Used for sending email messages. The Internet Evolution of the Internet Working on the Internet Thanks for Watching, please like, subscribe, comment, and share with all your friends Computer Education for All.