Transverse section of forearm : Cadaveric Anatomy - Dr G Bhanu Prakash скачать в хорошем качестве

Transverse section of forearm : Cadaveric Anatomy - Dr G Bhanu Prakash

Transverse section of forearm : Cadaveric Anatomy - Dr G Bhanu Prakash Video transcript Hello everyone today I am going to demonstrate the transverse section of forearm. This section is taken in the midway between elbow and wrist joints to show the compartments of forearm. On the medial side just beneath the skin there is superficial vein which is the basilic vein. When you see this Cross section of the middle of Forearm, we can identify the two bones Ulna on the medial side and Radius on the lateral side. In between radius and ulna interosseous membrane is well seen. Here is the thumb on lateral aspect and little finger on medial aspect. Forearm is divided into two Compartments, Anterior and Posterior. These compartments are formed by septa derived from deep facia. Anterior compartment is bulkier than posterior compartment. In this section. Anterior flexor compartment shows two deep muscles flexor digitorum profundus and flexor pollicis longus. Flexor digitorum profundus is along the anterior surface of ulna and flexor pollicis longus is adherent to anterior surface of radius. Here in this section, we cannot appreciate pronator quadratus which is a deeper muscle of forearm because it is present in the distal part of forearm Four Superficial muscles are seen at this level. We shall name them from medial to lateral. The first medial most muscle is Flexor carpi ulnaris present in ulnar aspect, Flexor digitorum superficialis which is superficial to profundus, tendon of palmaris longus and lastly flexor carpi radialis. Pronator teres is not seen which also a superficial muscle in as this section is taken below the insertion of pronator teres. Along with flexor carpi radialis on its radial side that is lateral side a neurovascular bundle is seen which comprises of radial artery and superficial branch of radial nerve. Which are underneath the brachioradialis. Superficial branch of radial nerve provides sensory innervation to much of the back of the hand. The nerve which is seen in midline sandwiched between Flexor Digitorum Superficialis and Flexor Digitorum Profundus is median nerve. The nerve deep to Flexor Carpi Ulnaris is ulnar nerve. Ulnar nerve supplies Flexor Carpi Ulnaris (FCU) and part of flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) rest all muscles in anterior compartment are innervated by median nerve and its deep branch anterior interosseous nerve. The artery which is seen on the lateral side of ulnar nerve in relation to flexor digitorum profundus is ulnar artery. Radial and ulnar arteries are the terminal branches of brachial artery. Another neurovascular bundle seen in front of the interosseous membrane contains anterior interosseous nerve and anterior interosseus artery. Anterior interosseous nerve is deep branch of median nerve supplies deep muscles in flexor compartment except medial half of flexor digitorum profundus which is supplied by ulnar nerve. In the distal part of forearm, the anterior interosseous artery pierces the interosseus membrane to reach extensor compartment. Let us understand the posterior extensor compartment. The two deep muscles which are seen along with the bones are extensor pollicis longus and abductor pollicis longus. extensor pollicis longus is adherent to ulna and abductor pollicis longus is along radius. Let’s see the arrangement of muscles in superficial extensor group from lateral to medial aspect, the lateral most muscle is brachioradialis, the muscle along the posterior aspect of radius is extensor carpi radialis longus, next one is extensor digitorum, then extensor digiti minimi, the one next to ulna is extensor carpi ulnaris. There is a neurovascular bundle in the fascial plane between superficial and deep muscles of posterior compartment which consists of posterior interosseous nerve and vessels. The posterior interosseous nerve which is otherwise called as dorsal interosseous nerve is the nerve of extensor compartment of forearm which supplies most of the muscles in posterior compartment except the anconaeus, brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis longus which are directly innervated by radial nerve. It is the continuation of the deep branch of the radial nerve. Superficial branch and Posterior interosseous nerves (deep branch) are the two terminal branches of radial nerve. This completes the demonstration of cross section of forearm in its midway. Thank you. #cadavericanatomy #anatomy #anatomyvideos #usmle #usmlestep1 #usmlevideos #nationalexittest #nationalexittest #mbbslectures #neetpg #nationalexitexam #neetpg2022 #neetpgvideos #neetpganatomy #drgbhanuprakash #neetpg #nmc #neetpg2023 #fmge #crosssectionofupperlimb