Security+ Lab 6 6 4 Crack Password with Rainbow Tables скачать в хорошем качестве

Security+ Lab 6 6 4 Crack Password with Rainbow Tables

🔐 Security+ Lab 6.6.4 — Crack Passwords with Rainbow Tables (Conceptual & Defensive) This lab explains how rainbow table attacks work, what they target, how to recognize the risk, and—most importantly—how to defend against them. The focus is educational and defensive, not on performing attacks. 🧠 Key Concepts What Are Rainbow Tables? Rainbow tables are precomputed lookup tables of password hashes → plaintext passwords. They dramatically reduce the time needed to crack unsalted, weakly hashed passwords. Used against hashes, not encrypted passwords. Why They’re Effective: Precomputation trades storage for speed. If two users share the same password and hashing method without salt, their hashes match—making attacks scalable. Security+ Exam Tip: Rainbow tables exploit unsalted hashes. Salting + strong, slow hashing defeats them. ▶️ What Attackers Target (High-Level) Unsalted hashes stored in files or databases Fast hashing algorithms (e.g., MD5, SHA-1) Weak or common passwords ⚠️ This lab does not include steps or tools to perform cracking. ▶️ Indicators of Risk (What Defenders Watch For) Legacy systems using MD5/SHA-1 for passwords Identical hashes across multiple accounts Credential dumps from breaches with unsalted hashes Abnormally fast “crack times” reported in assessments ▶️ Why Salting Works A salt is random data added to each password before hashing. Salts ensure identical passwords produce different hashes. This breaks rainbow tables, forcing attackers back to slow guessing. ▶️ Strong Hashing vs Weak Hashing Weak - Fast (Avoid): MD5 SHA-1 Strong - Slow (Use): bcrypt scrypt Argon2 (modern best practice) PBKDF2 (with sufficient iterations) ▶️ Defensive Controls (What to Implement) Unique salts per user (mandatory) Slow, adaptive hashing (bcrypt-Argon2) High iteration counts - cost factors Strong password policies (length - complexity) MFA to reduce impact of password compromise Credential monitoring for breach exposure Regular audits of authentication mechanisms ▶️ Testing & Validation (Defensive) Verify password storage uses salted, slow hashes Confirm no plaintext or reversible encryption is used Review configs and code for hash upgrades Rotate credentials after algorithm changes ⚠️ Important Notes for Security+ Exam Rainbow tables attack hashes, not encrypted passwords. Salting is the primary defense. Slow hashing increases attacker cost. MFA mitigates damage even if a password is cracked. Upgrading hashing algorithms is a security control, not just a dev task. #SecurityPlus #PasswordSecurity #RainbowTables #Hashing #DefenseInDepth #Security #PhysicalSecurity #DefenseInDepth #AccessControl #AAA #RBAC #SNMP #NetworkHardening #SecurityPlus #SwitchAccess #ManagementPlane #RemoteAccessVPN #VPN #NetworkSecurity #SecureRemoteAccess #LearnOnTikTokContest #EducatorAward #CyberSecurity #SmartCard #2Factor